Nate Biggs 3d2d6492c1 Add 'external-effect' pragma support to all the backends.
Call sites targeting a procedure annotated with `external-effect` will
not produce any code, including the argument which will not be
evaluated.

However, the single parameter will be treated as 'live' for the purposes
of any global analysis the backends do. This is useful for things like
protobuf shaking where a user may want to retain certain protobuf
messages without actually emitting the code that retains those messages.

Today this functionality is available internally in the vm and wasm SDK
libraries. dart2js has similar functionality represented via the
opaqueTrue and opaqueFalse booleans (which will cause conditional
branches to get shaken after analysis). This will replace dart2js's
opaque(True/False).

This also adds validation to the frontend to ensure a method annotated
with 'external-effect' is well-formed.

Change-Id: If1c4096673e655c58fe7638840a16125003e7809
Tested: Backend tests for codegen were added. A frontend test was added for the validation. A language test was added to confirm the behavior.
Reviewed-on: https://dart-review.googlesource.com/c/sdk/+/476020
Reviewed-by: Alexander Markov <alexmarkov@google.com>
Commit-Queue: Nate Biggs <natebiggs@google.com>
2026-04-27 09:42:38 -07:00
2026-02-20 05:35:13 -08:00
2023-11-10 19:23:11 +00:00
2026-04-27 01:45:02 -07:00
2026-03-04 18:41:25 -08:00
2025-03-10 03:22:36 -07:00

Dart

An approachable, portable, and productive language for high-quality apps on any platform

Dart is:

  • Approachable: Develop with a strongly typed programming language that is consistent, concise, and offers modern language features like null safety and patterns.

  • Portable: Compile to ARM, x64, or RISC-V machine code for mobile, desktop, and backend. Compile to JavaScript or WebAssembly for the web.

  • Productive: Make changes iteratively: use hot reload to see the result instantly in your running app. Diagnose app issues using DevTools.

Dart's flexible compiler technology lets you run Dart code in different ways, depending on your target platform and goals:

  • Dart Native: For programs targeting devices (mobile, desktop, server, and more), Dart Native includes both a Dart VM with JIT (just-in-time) compilation and an AOT (ahead-of-time) compiler for producing machine code.

  • Dart Web: For programs targeting the web, Dart Web includes both a development time compiler (dartdevc) and a production time compiler (dart2js).

Dart platforms illustration

License & patents

Dart is free and open source.

See LICENSE and PATENT_GRANT.

Using Dart

Visit dart.dev to learn more about the language, tools, and to find codelabs.

Browse pub.dev for more packages and libraries contributed by the community and the Dart team.

Our API reference documentation is published at api.dart.dev, based on the stable release. (We also publish docs from our beta and dev channels, as well as from the primary development branch).

Building Dart

If you want to build Dart yourself, here is a guide to getting the source, preparing your machine to build the SDK, and building.

There are more documents in our repo at docs.

Contributing to Dart

The easiest way to contribute to Dart is to file issues.

You can also contribute patches, as described in Contributing.

Roadmap

Future plans for Dart are included in the combined Dart and Flutter roadmap on the Flutter wiki.

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