feat(dali): enhance DALI timing configurations and add new timeout parameters

Signed-off-by: Tony <tonylu@tony-cloud.com>

apps/gateway/sdkconfig

@@ -2775,8 +2775,12 @@ CONFIG_DALI_TIMER_RESOLUTION_HZ=3000000
 CONFIG_DALI_CUSTOM_HALF_BIT_TIME_X100_US=0
 CONFIG_DALI_TX_STOP_CONDITION_US=0
 CONFIG_DALI_RX_STOP_CONDITION_US=0
-CONFIG_DALI_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS=25
+CONFIG_DALI_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS=20
 CONFIG_DALI_DOUBLE_SEND_DELAY_MS=12
+CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_ACTIVITY_WAIT_MS=25
+CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_AFTER_BACKWARD_WAIT_MS=5
+CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_MAX_WAIT_MS=50
+CONFIG_DALI_BACKWARD_IDLE_TIMEOUT_MS=9
 CONFIG_DALI_BUS_POWER_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS=500
 CONFIG_DALI_BUS_ABNORMAL_REPORT_INTERVAL_MS=3000
 # CONFIG_DALI_LOG_LEVEL_NONE is not set

apps/gateway/sdkconfig.old

@@ -2775,8 +2775,12 @@ CONFIG_DALI_TIMER_RESOLUTION_HZ=3000000
 CONFIG_DALI_CUSTOM_HALF_BIT_TIME_X100_US=0
 CONFIG_DALI_TX_STOP_CONDITION_US=0
 CONFIG_DALI_RX_STOP_CONDITION_US=0
-CONFIG_DALI_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS=25
+CONFIG_DALI_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS=12
 CONFIG_DALI_DOUBLE_SEND_DELAY_MS=12
+CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_ACTIVITY_WAIT_MS=25
+CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_AFTER_BACKWARD_WAIT_MS=5
+CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_MAX_WAIT_MS=50
+CONFIG_DALI_BACKWARD_IDLE_TIMEOUT_MS=9
 CONFIG_DALI_BUS_POWER_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS=500
 CONFIG_DALI_BUS_ABNORMAL_REPORT_INTERVAL_MS=3000
 # CONFIG_DALI_LOG_LEVEL_NONE is not set
@@ -2795,7 +2799,7 @@ CONFIG_DALI_TX_QUEUE_LEN=4
 CONFIG_DALI_TX_REPLY_QUEUE_LEN=4
 CONFIG_DALI_RX_QUEUE_LEN=50
 CONFIG_DALI_DEBUG_QUEUE_LEN=100
-# CONFIG_DALI_ENABLE_DEBUG_TASK is not set
+CONFIG_DALI_ENABLE_DEBUG_TASK=y
 CONFIG_DALI_DALI_TASK_STACK_SIZE=8192
 CONFIG_DALI_DALI_TASK_PRIORITY=2
 CONFIG_DALI_DEBUG_TASK_STACK_SIZE=2048

components/dali/Kconfig

@@ -66,6 +66,40 @@ config DALI_DOUBLE_SEND_DELAY_MS
         Delay between the two frames sent by dali_send_double(), measured after
         the first frame has completed. Exposed for development tuning.
 
+config DALI_FORWARD_ACTIVITY_WAIT_MS
+    int "Forward-frame wait after bus activity ms"
+    range 0 1000
+    default 25
+    help
+        Minimum delay before sending a 2- to 4-byte forward frame after normal
+        bus activity. This is the native queue anti-collision wait.
+
+config DALI_FORWARD_AFTER_BACKWARD_WAIT_MS
+    int "Forward-frame wait after backward frame ms"
+    range 0 1000
+    default 5
+    help
+        Minimum delay before sending a 2- to 4-byte forward frame after the last
+        valid 1-byte backward frame received by the native bus.
+
+config DALI_FORWARD_MAX_WAIT_MS
+    int "Forward-frame maximum queue wait ms"
+    range 0 5000
+    default 50
+    help
+        Maximum time the native queue waits for a forward-frame send window. If
+        no valid send window is reached before this timeout, the frame is
+        dropped with an error status.
+
+config DALI_BACKWARD_IDLE_TIMEOUT_MS
+    int "Backward-frame idle wait timeout ms"
+    range 0 1000
+    default 9
+    help
+        Time a 1-byte backward frame waits for an idle bus before being sent
+        anyway. Backward frame sends are not echo-verified because collisions
+        during addressing responses are valid DALI behavior.
+
 config DALI_BUS_POWER_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS
     int "Bus power-down check interval ms"
     range 10 5000

components/dali/README.md

@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ Use `menuconfig` under `DALI Component` to configure:
 
 - Bus count and default baudrate.
 - Native timing values for development, including timer resolution, half-bit period,
-  TX/RX stop conditions, query response timeout, and double-send delay.
+    TX/RX stop conditions, query response timeout, double-send delay, and TX queue
+    arbitration waits.
 - TX/RX active polarity. The native gateway default is TX active low and RX active high.
 - Native bus power-down polling and legacy `FF FD` bus-abnormal raw-frame reporting intervals.
 - Native DALI HAL log level for the `dali_hal` ESP-IDF log tag.
@@ -61,6 +62,13 @@ can override the half-bit period for development; keep it at 0 for baudrate-deri
 Query no-response timeout defaults to 25 ms, which covers the 5.5-10.5 ms backward-frame
 start window plus the approximately 9.95 ms backward frame duration.
 
+Native TX queue arbitration uses frame length as the frame type signal. Two- to four-byte
+forward frames wait up to `CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_MAX_WAIT_MS` for a valid send window,
+using `CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_ACTIVITY_WAIT_MS` after normal bus activity and
+`CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_AFTER_BACKWARD_WAIT_MS` after a valid backward frame. One-byte
+backward frames wait up to `CONFIG_DALI_BACKWARD_IDLE_TIMEOUT_MS` for idle, then are
+sent without echo verification because addressing-phase collisions are valid.
+
 ## API Note
 
 The global TX response queue symbol was renamed:

components/dali/src/dali_hal_idf5.c

@@ -87,6 +87,22 @@
 #define CONFIG_DALI_BUS_ABNORMAL_REPORT_INTERVAL_MS 1000
 #endif
 
+#ifndef CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_ACTIVITY_WAIT_MS
+#define CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_ACTIVITY_WAIT_MS 25
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_AFTER_BACKWARD_WAIT_MS
+#define CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_AFTER_BACKWARD_WAIT_MS 5
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_MAX_WAIT_MS
+#define CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_MAX_WAIT_MS 50
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_DALI_BACKWARD_IDLE_TIMEOUT_MS
+#define CONFIG_DALI_BACKWARD_IDLE_TIMEOUT_MS 9
+#endif
+
 #define WITHIN_RANGE(x, min, max) ((x) > (min) && (x) < (max))
 #define MAX_DELTA_RELOAD_TIME 600000000  // 600s    - max u32: 4,294,967,295~4,294s
 
@@ -138,6 +154,11 @@ typedef struct {
     uint64_t bus_abnormal_report_time;
 
     Dali_msg_t tx_data;
+    bool bus_activity_seen;
+    uint64_t rx_last_frame_time;
+    uint8_t rx_last_frame_length;
+    uint8_t rx_last_frame_status;
+    volatile bool force_backward_tx;
     Dali_msg_t rx_data;
 
     uint8_t tx_half_bit_counter;
@@ -391,6 +412,115 @@ static uint32_t tx_completion_timeout_ms(const Dali_msg_t *msg)
     return timeout_ms;
 }
 
+static inline bool IRAM_ATTR is_backward_tx_msg(const Dali_msg_t *msg)
+{
+    return msg != NULL && msg->length == 8;
+}
+
+static bool is_forward_tx_msg(const Dali_msg_t *msg)
+{
+    return msg != NULL && msg->length >= 16 && msg->length <= 32 && (msg->length % 8) == 0;
+}
+
+static UBaseType_t queue_waiting(QueueHandle_t queue);
+
+static uint64_t bus_last_activity_time_us(const dali_bus_ctx_t *bus)
+{
+    if (bus == NULL || !bus->bus_activity_seen) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return bus->rx_last_edge_time > bus->tx_last_edge_time ? bus->rx_last_edge_time
+                                                           : bus->tx_last_edge_time;
+}
+
+static bool bus_idle_for_tx(const dali_bus_ctx_t *bus)
+{
+    return bus != NULL && bus->bus_state == DALI_BUS_READY && bus->tx_state == TX_STATE_IDLE &&
+           bus->rx_state == RX_STATE_IDLE && bus->rx_level == 1 && queue_waiting(bus->tx_queue) == 0;
+}
+
+static bool last_activity_was_backward_frame(const dali_bus_ctx_t *bus, uint64_t last_activity)
+{
+    return bus != NULL && bus->rx_last_frame_status == DALI_FRAME_OK &&
+           bus->rx_last_frame_length == 8 && bus->rx_last_frame_time != 0 &&
+           bus->rx_last_frame_time >= last_activity;
+}
+
+static TickType_t tx_wait_poll_ticks(void)
+{
+    TickType_t ticks = pdMS_TO_TICKS(1);
+    return ticks == 0 ? 1 : ticks;
+}
+
+static bool wait_for_forward_tx_window(dali_bus_ctx_t *bus, const Dali_msg_t *msg)
+{
+    if (bus == NULL || !is_forward_tx_msg(msg)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    const uint64_t started = esp_timer_get_time();
+    const uint64_t max_wait_us = (uint64_t)CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_MAX_WAIT_MS * 1000ULL;
+    const TickType_t poll_ticks = tx_wait_poll_ticks();
+
+    while (true) {
+        if (bus->bus_state == DALI_BUS_POWER_DOWN) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        const uint64_t now = esp_timer_get_time();
+        if (bus_idle_for_tx(bus)) {
+            const uint64_t last_activity = bus_last_activity_time_us(bus);
+            if (last_activity == 0) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            const uint32_t wait_ms = last_activity_was_backward_frame(bus, last_activity)
+                                         ? CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_AFTER_BACKWARD_WAIT_MS
+                                         : CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_ACTIVITY_WAIT_MS;
+            if (wait_ms == 0 || (now - last_activity) >= ((uint64_t)wait_ms * 1000ULL)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (max_wait_us == 0 || (now - started) >= max_wait_us) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        vTaskDelay(poll_ticks);
+    }
+}
+
+static bool wait_for_backward_tx_window(dali_bus_ctx_t *bus, const Dali_msg_t *msg,
+                                        bool *force_start)
+{
+    if (force_start != NULL) {
+        *force_start = false;
+    }
+    if (bus == NULL || !is_backward_tx_msg(msg)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    const uint64_t started = esp_timer_get_time();
+    const uint64_t timeout_us = (uint64_t)CONFIG_DALI_BACKWARD_IDLE_TIMEOUT_MS * 1000ULL;
+    const TickType_t poll_ticks = tx_wait_poll_ticks();
+
+    while (true) {
+        if (bus->bus_state == DALI_BUS_POWER_DOWN) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (bus_idle_for_tx(bus)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        const uint64_t now = esp_timer_get_time();
+        if (timeout_us == 0 || (now - started) >= timeout_us) {
+            if (force_start != NULL) {
+                *force_start = true;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+        vTaskDelay(poll_ticks);
+    }
+}
+
 static UBaseType_t queue_waiting(QueueHandle_t queue)
 {
     return queue ? uxQueueMessagesWaiting(queue) : 0;
@@ -537,6 +667,16 @@ static inline void publish_rx_frame_from_isr(Dali_msg_t *msg, QueueHandle_t queu
     }
 }
 
+static inline void IRAM_ATTR note_rx_frame_from_isr(dali_bus_ctx_t *bus)
+{
+    if (bus == NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+    bus->rx_last_frame_time = bus->rx_last_edge_time;
+    bus->rx_last_frame_length = bus->rx_data.length;
+    bus->rx_last_frame_status = bus->rx_data.status;
+}
+
 static void IRAM_ATTR complete_tx_from_isr(dali_bus_ctx_t *bus, BaseType_t *yield)
 {
     if (bus == NULL) {
@@ -544,7 +684,7 @@ static void IRAM_ATTR complete_tx_from_isr(dali_bus_ctx_t *bus, BaseType_t *yiel
     }
 
     bus->tx_data.status = DALI_FRAME_OK;
-    if (bus->tx_reply_queue) {
+    if (!is_backward_tx_msg(&bus->tx_data) && bus->tx_reply_queue) {
         if (xQueueSendToBackFromISR(bus->tx_reply_queue, &bus->tx_data, yield) != pdTRUE) {
             Dali_msg_t dropped = {0};
             xQueueReceiveFromISR(bus->tx_reply_queue, &dropped, yield);
@@ -586,6 +726,7 @@ static void IRAM_ATTR rx_gpio_isr_handler(void* arg)
 
     // rx_level = 1 if and only if DALI bus is really high, idle
     bus->rx_level = DALI_GET_BUS_LEVEL(bus);  // get level of RX pin - not depend on hw: 0 - low, 1 - high
+    bus->bus_activity_seen = true;
 
     bus->rx_pulse_width = rx_current_edge_time - bus->rx_last_edge_time;  // time from last edge
     bus->rx_tx_delta = rx_current_edge_time - bus->tx_last_edge_time;  // time from last edge
@@ -693,6 +834,7 @@ static void IRAM_ATTR rx_gpio_isr_handler(void* arg)
 
     // if collision detected: we are too late after bit was transmitted
     else if (bus->bus_state == DALI_BUS_TRANSMITTING && bus->tx_state != TX_STATE_STOP &&
+             !is_backward_tx_msg(&bus->tx_data) &&
              bus->rx_tx_delta > s_timing.collision_txrx_delta)
     {
         // we need now to start collision recovery with time break: 101.9.2.4
@@ -803,20 +945,40 @@ static bool IRAM_ATTR handle_bus_timer(dali_bus_ctx_t *bus, uint64_t time_now)
     }
 
     // start transmitting
-    else if(bus->bus_state == DALI_BUS_READY && bus->tx_state == TX_STATE_IDLE && bus->tx_queue && xQueueReceiveFromISR(bus->tx_queue, &bus->tx_data, NULL) == pdTRUE)
+    else if(bus->tx_state == TX_STATE_IDLE && bus->tx_queue)
     {
-        bus->tx_data.status = DALI_FRAME_ERROR;  // error status - will be set ok on success
-        bus->bus_state = DALI_BUS_TRANSMITTING;  // bus is transmitting
-        bus->tx_state = TX_STATE_START;  // start transmitting
-        bus->tx_half_bit_counter = 0;
-        bus->tx_data_bit_counter = 0;                   // actually sent bits count
-        bus->tx_last_edge_time = esp_timer_get_time();  // get time in us
-        DALI_SET_BUS_LOW(bus);   // start bit first half
+        Dali_msg_t pending = {0};
+        bool can_start = bus->bus_state == DALI_BUS_READY;
+        bool force_backward = false;
+        if (!can_start && bus->force_backward_tx &&
+            xQueuePeekFromISR(bus->tx_queue, &pending) == pdTRUE) {
+            if (is_backward_tx_msg(&pending) && bus->bus_state != DALI_BUS_POWER_DOWN) {
+                can_start = true;
+                force_backward = true;
+            } else {
+                bus->force_backward_tx = false;
+            }
+        }
+        if (can_start && xQueueReceiveFromISR(bus->tx_queue, &bus->tx_data, &yield) == pdTRUE) {
+            bus->force_backward_tx = false;
+            if (force_backward) {
+                bus->rx_state = RX_STATE_IDLE;
+            }
+            bus->tx_data.status = DALI_FRAME_ERROR;  // error status - will be set ok on success
+            bus->bus_activity_seen = true;
+            bus->bus_state = DALI_BUS_TRANSMITTING;  // bus is transmitting
+            bus->tx_state = TX_STATE_START;  // start transmitting
+            bus->tx_half_bit_counter = 0;
+            bus->tx_data_bit_counter = 0;                   // actually sent bits count
+            bus->tx_last_edge_time = esp_timer_get_time();  // get time in us
+            DALI_SET_BUS_LOW(bus);   // start bit first half
+        }
     }
     else if(bus->bus_state == DALI_BUS_TRANSMITTING)
     {
         uint8_t bus_level = DALI_GET_BUS_LEVEL(bus);
-        if(bus->tx_state != TX_STATE_STOP && tx_delta > s_timing.collision_txrx_delta &&
+        if(bus->tx_state != TX_STATE_STOP && !is_backward_tx_msg(&bus->tx_data) &&
+           tx_delta > s_timing.collision_txrx_delta &&
            bus_level != DALI_GET_TX_LEVEL(bus)) {
             bus->rx_level = bus_level;
             bus->rx_tx_delta = tx_delta;
@@ -859,7 +1021,7 @@ static bool IRAM_ATTR handle_bus_timer(dali_bus_ctx_t *bus, uint64_t time_now)
     else if(bus->bus_state == DALI_BUS_READY && bus->tx_state > TX_STATE_IDLE)
     {
         // we are not transmitting but we have data - reply to queue and let error state in tx_data.status
-        if (bus->tx_reply_queue) {
+        if (bus->tx_reply_queue && !is_backward_tx_msg(&bus->tx_data)) {
             xQueueSendToBackFromISR(bus->tx_reply_queue, &bus->tx_data, &yield); // send data to queue
         }
         bus->tx_state = TX_STATE_IDLE;  // clear state
@@ -875,6 +1037,7 @@ static bool IRAM_ATTR handle_bus_timer(dali_bus_ctx_t *bus, uint64_t time_now)
                 // rx_data.status = DALI_FRAME_ERROR;  // should be set inside ISR
                 bus->rx_data.length = bus->rx_data_bit_counter;  // set length of data
                 // rx_data.data[0] = 0xAA;  // debug
+                note_rx_frame_from_isr(bus);
                 publish_rx_frame_from_isr(&bus->rx_data, bus->rx_queue, &yield); // send data to queue
             }
         }
@@ -886,6 +1049,7 @@ static bool IRAM_ATTR handle_bus_timer(dali_bus_ctx_t *bus, uint64_t time_now)
                 bus->rx_data.status = DALI_FRAME_OK;  // frame is OK
                 bus->rx_data.length = bus->rx_data_bit_counter;  // set length of data
                 // rx_data.data[0] = 0xBB;  // debug
+                note_rx_frame_from_isr(bus);
                 publish_rx_frame_from_isr(&bus->rx_data, bus->rx_queue, &yield); // send data to queue
             }
         }
@@ -1117,6 +1281,11 @@ static esp_err_t init_bus(uint8_t bus_id, uint8_t tx_pin, uint8_t rx_pin)
     bus->tx_last_edge_time = bus->rx_last_edge_time;
     bus->bus_level_check_time = bus->rx_last_edge_time;
     bus->bus_abnormal_report_time = 0;
+    bus->bus_activity_seen = false;
+    bus->rx_last_frame_time = 0;
+    bus->rx_last_frame_length = 0;
+    bus->rx_last_frame_status = DALI_FRAME_UNKNOWN;
+    bus->force_backward_tx = false;
 
     err = ensure_isr_service();
     if (err != ESP_OK) {
@@ -1169,13 +1338,37 @@ static int dali_tx_bus(dali_bus_ctx_t *bus, Dali_msg_t *dali_msg)
              bus->bus_id, dali_msg->length, dali_msg->data[0], dali_msg->data[1],
              dali_msg->data[2], dali_msg->data[3], (unsigned long)timeout_ms);
 
-    if(xQueueSendToBack(bus->tx_queue, dali_msg, timeout_ticks) == pdFALSE) {
+    if (is_forward_tx_msg(dali_msg) && !wait_for_forward_tx_window(bus, dali_msg)) {
+        dali_msg->status = DALI_FRAME_ERROR;
+        log_tx_message("native TX wait timeout", bus, dali_msg,
+                       CONFIG_DALI_FORWARD_MAX_WAIT_MS);
+        return ESP_FAIL;
+    }
+
+    bool force_backward = false;
+    if (is_backward_tx_msg(dali_msg) &&
+        !wait_for_backward_tx_window(bus, dali_msg, &force_backward)) {
+        dali_msg->status = DALI_FRAME_ERROR;
+        log_tx_message("native backward TX wait timeout", bus, dali_msg,
+                       CONFIG_DALI_BACKWARD_IDLE_TIMEOUT_MS);
+        return ESP_FAIL;
+    }
+
+    bus->force_backward_tx = force_backward;
+    if(xQueueSendToBack(bus->tx_queue, dali_msg, 0) == pdFALSE) {
+        bus->force_backward_tx = false;
         log_tx_message("native TX queue full", bus, dali_msg, timeout_ms);
         if (bus->tx_state == TX_STATE_IDLE) {
             xQueueReset(bus->tx_queue);
         }
         return ESP_FAIL;
     }
+
+    if (is_backward_tx_msg(dali_msg)) {
+        dali_msg->status = DALI_FRAME_OK;
+        return ESP_OK;
+    }
+
     if(xQueueReceive(bus->tx_reply_queue, dali_msg, timeout_ticks) == pdFALSE) {
         if (bus->tx_state == TX_STATE_IDLE && queue_waiting(bus->tx_queue) == 0) {
             *dali_msg = bus->tx_data;

components/dali_domain/src/dali_domain.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <utility>
 
+#ifndef CONFIG_DALI_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS
+#define CONFIG_DALI_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS 25
+#endif
+
 namespace gateway {
 
 namespace {
@@ -17,6 +21,48 @@ namespace {
 constexpr const char* kTag = "dali_domain";
 constexpr size_t kSerialRxPacketMaxBytes = 8;
 constexpr UBaseType_t kSerialRxQueueDepth = 8;
+constexpr uint32_t kHardwareQueryRawSuppressMs = CONFIG_DALI_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS + 10;
+
+portMUX_TYPE s_query_raw_suppress_lock = portMUX_INITIALIZER_UNLOCKED;
+TickType_t s_query_raw_suppress_until[DALI_PHY_COUNT] = {};
+
+void BeginHardwareQueryRawSuppress(uint8_t bus_id) {
+  if (bus_id >= DALI_PHY_COUNT) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const TickType_t until = xTaskGetTickCount() + pdMS_TO_TICKS(kHardwareQueryRawSuppressMs);
+  portENTER_CRITICAL(&s_query_raw_suppress_lock);
+  s_query_raw_suppress_until[bus_id] = until;
+  portEXIT_CRITICAL(&s_query_raw_suppress_lock);
+}
+
+bool TakeHardwareQueryRawSuppress(uint8_t bus_id) {
+  if (bus_id >= DALI_PHY_COUNT) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bool suppress = false;
+  const TickType_t now = xTaskGetTickCount();
+  portENTER_CRITICAL(&s_query_raw_suppress_lock);
+  const TickType_t until = s_query_raw_suppress_until[bus_id];
+  if (until != 0 && now <= until) {
+    suppress = true;
+    s_query_raw_suppress_until[bus_id] = 0;
+  } else if (until != 0) {
+    s_query_raw_suppress_until[bus_id] = 0;
+  }
+  portEXIT_CRITICAL(&s_query_raw_suppress_lock);
+  return suppress;
+}
+
+void ClearHardwareQueryRawSuppress(uint8_t bus_id) {
+  if (bus_id >= DALI_PHY_COUNT) {
+    return;
+  }
+  portENTER_CRITICAL(&s_query_raw_suppress_lock);
+  s_query_raw_suppress_until[bus_id] = 0;
+  portEXIT_CRITICAL(&s_query_raw_suppress_lock);
+}
 
 DaliDomainSnapshot MakeSnapshot(uint8_t gateway_id, int address, const char* kind) {
   DaliDomainSnapshot snapshot;
@@ -113,12 +159,15 @@ std::vector<uint8_t> TransactHardwareFrame(uint8_t bus_id, const uint8_t* data,
       Dali_msg_t tx = dali_msg_new(data[1], data[2]);
       tx.id = bus_id;
       Dali_msg_t rx = {};
+      BeginHardwareQueryRawSuppress(bus_id);
       if (dali_query(&tx, &rx) == pdTRUE) {
         if (rx.status != DALI_FRAME_OK || rx.length != 8) {
+          ClearHardwareQueryRawSuppress(bus_id);
           return LegacyQueryResponse(0xFD);
         }
         return {0xFF, rx.data[0]};
       }
+      ClearHardwareQueryRawSuppress(bus_id);
       return LegacyQueryResponse(0xFE);
     }
     default:
@@ -1250,6 +1299,12 @@ void DaliDomainService::rawFrameTaskLoop() {
     if (byte_count > DALI_MAX_BYTES) {
       byte_count = DALI_MAX_BYTES;
     }
+    if (byte_count == 1 && TakeHardwareQueryRawSuppress(message.id)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (byte_count != 1 && byte_count != 2 && byte_count != 3) {
+      continue;
+    }
     DaliRawFrame frame;
     frame.channel_index = channel->config.channel_index;
     frame.gateway_id = channel->config.gateway_id;

components/gateway_ble/src/gateway_ble.cpp

@@ -141,6 +141,13 @@ void RegisterGatt(struct ble_gatt_register_ctxt* ctxt, void* arg) {
   }
 }
 
+std::vector<uint8_t> LegacyRawPayload(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+  if (data.size() == 1) {
+    return {0xBE, data[0]};
+  }
+  return data;
+}
+
 const struct ble_gatt_svc_def kGattServices[] = {
     {
         .type = BLE_GATT_SVC_TYPE_PRIMARY,
@@ -377,7 +384,7 @@ void GatewayBleBridge::handleDaliRawFrame(const DaliRawFrame& frame) {
   if (!enabled_ || conn_handle_ == kInvalidConnectionHandle || frame.data.empty()) {
     return;
   }
-  notifyCharacteristic(frame.channel_index, frame.data);
+  notifyCharacteristic(frame.channel_index, LegacyRawPayload(frame.data));
 }
 
 void GatewayBleBridge::handleRawWrite(size_t channel_index, const std::vector<uint8_t>& payload) {

components/gateway_usb_setup/src/gateway_usb_setup.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,13 @@ namespace gateway {
 namespace {
 constexpr const char* kTag = "gateway_usb";
 constexpr size_t kCommandFrameMinLen = 7;
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> LegacyRawPayload(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+  if (data.size() == 1) {
+    return {0xBE, data[0]};
+  }
+  return data;
+}
 }
 
 GatewayUsbSetupBridge::GatewayUsbSetupBridge(GatewayController& controller,
@@ -106,11 +113,12 @@ void GatewayUsbSetupBridge::handleRawFrame(const DaliRawFrame& frame) {
     return;
   }
 
-  const int written = usb_serial_jtag_write_bytes(frame.data.data(), frame.data.size(),
+  const auto payload = LegacyRawPayload(frame.data);
+  const int written = usb_serial_jtag_write_bytes(payload.data(), payload.size(),
                                                  pdMS_TO_TICKS(config_.write_timeout_ms));
-  if (written < 0 || static_cast<size_t>(written) != frame.data.size()) {
+  if (written < 0 || static_cast<size_t>(written) != payload.size()) {
     ESP_LOGW(kTag, "failed to forward USB raw setup frame channel=%u len=%u", frame.channel_index,
-             static_cast<unsigned>(frame.data.size()));
+             static_cast<unsigned>(payload.size()));
   }
 }