Files
sdk/runtime/vm/flow_graph.cc
T
kmillikin@google.com 9ee9cfb78d Remove dead phis as soon as they are discovered.
Previously we removed dead phis late, in the register allocator.  This
change removes them as soon as they are discovered to be dead and packs the
phi array to squeeze out NULLs.  This speeds iteration but doesn't save
space because the phi array is zone-allocated.

The PhiIterator is used everywhere to iterate phis except a few places that
need to know the phi index (e.g., SSA construction, phi elimination).

R=vegorov@google.com

Review URL: https://codereview.chromium.org//12340108

git-svn-id: https://dart.googlecode.com/svn/branches/bleeding_edge/dart@19206 260f80e4-7a28-3924-810f-c04153c831b5
2013-02-28 08:25:58 +00:00

700 lines
25 KiB
C++

// Copyright (c) 2012, the Dart project authors. Please see the AUTHORS file
// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "vm/flow_graph.h"
#include "vm/bit_vector.h"
#include "vm/flow_graph_builder.h"
#include "vm/intermediate_language.h"
#include "vm/longjump.h"
#include "vm/growable_array.h"
namespace dart {
DECLARE_FLAG(bool, trace_optimization);
DECLARE_FLAG(bool, verify_compiler);
FlowGraph::FlowGraph(const FlowGraphBuilder& builder,
GraphEntryInstr* graph_entry,
intptr_t max_block_id)
: parent_(),
assigned_vars_(),
current_ssa_temp_index_(0),
max_block_id_(max_block_id),
parsed_function_(builder.parsed_function()),
num_copied_params_(builder.num_copied_params()),
num_non_copied_params_(builder.num_non_copied_params()),
num_stack_locals_(builder.num_stack_locals()),
graph_entry_(graph_entry),
preorder_(),
postorder_(),
reverse_postorder_(),
invalid_dominator_tree_(true) {
DiscoverBlocks();
}
ConstantInstr* FlowGraph::AddConstantToInitialDefinitions(
const Object& object) {
// Check if the constant is already in the pool.
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < graph_entry_->initial_definitions()->length(); ++i) {
ConstantInstr* constant =
(*graph_entry_->initial_definitions())[i]->AsConstant();
if ((constant != NULL) && (constant->value().raw() == object.raw())) {
return constant;
}
}
// Otherwise, allocate and add it to the pool.
ConstantInstr* constant = new ConstantInstr(object);
constant->set_ssa_temp_index(alloc_ssa_temp_index());
AddToInitialDefinitions(constant);
return constant;
}
void FlowGraph::AddToInitialDefinitions(Definition* defn) {
// TODO(zerny): Set previous to the graph entry so it is accessible by
// GetBlock. Remove this once there is a direct pointer to the block.
defn->set_previous(graph_entry_);
graph_entry_->initial_definitions()->Add(defn);
}
void FlowGraph::InsertBefore(Instruction* next,
Instruction* instr,
Environment* env,
Definition::UseKind use_kind) {
InsertAfter(next->previous(), instr, env, use_kind);
}
void FlowGraph::InsertAfter(Instruction* prev,
Instruction* instr,
Environment* env,
Definition::UseKind use_kind) {
if (use_kind == Definition::kValue) {
ASSERT(instr->IsDefinition());
instr->AsDefinition()->set_ssa_temp_index(alloc_ssa_temp_index());
}
instr->InsertAfter(prev);
ASSERT(instr->env() == NULL);
if (env != NULL) env->DeepCopyTo(instr);
}
void FlowGraph::DiscoverBlocks() {
// Initialize state.
preorder_.Clear();
postorder_.Clear();
reverse_postorder_.Clear();
parent_.Clear();
assigned_vars_.Clear();
// Perform a depth-first traversal of the graph to build preorder and
// postorder block orders.
graph_entry_->DiscoverBlocks(NULL, // Entry block predecessor.
&preorder_,
&postorder_,
&parent_,
&assigned_vars_,
variable_count(),
num_non_copied_params());
// Create an array of blocks in reverse postorder.
intptr_t block_count = postorder_.length();
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < block_count; ++i) {
reverse_postorder_.Add(postorder_[block_count - i - 1]);
}
}
#ifdef DEBUG
// Debugging code to verify the construction of use lists.
static intptr_t MembershipCount(Value* use, Value* list) {
intptr_t count = 0;
while (list != NULL) {
if (list == use) ++count;
list = list->next_use();
}
return count;
}
static void VerifyUseListsInInstruction(Instruction* instr) {
ASSERT(instr != NULL);
ASSERT(!instr->IsJoinEntry());
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < instr->InputCount(); ++i) {
Value* use = instr->InputAt(i);
ASSERT(use->definition() != NULL);
ASSERT((use->definition() != instr) || use->definition()->IsPhi());
ASSERT(use->instruction() == instr);
ASSERT(use->use_index() == i);
ASSERT(!FLAG_verify_compiler ||
(1 == MembershipCount(use, use->definition()->input_use_list())));
}
if (instr->env() != NULL) {
intptr_t use_index = 0;
for (Environment::DeepIterator it(instr->env()); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
Value* use = it.CurrentValue();
ASSERT(use->definition() != NULL);
ASSERT((use->definition() != instr) || use->definition()->IsPhi());
ASSERT(use->instruction() == instr);
ASSERT(use->use_index() == use_index++);
ASSERT(!FLAG_verify_compiler ||
(1 == MembershipCount(use, use->definition()->env_use_list())));
}
}
Definition* defn = instr->AsDefinition();
if (defn != NULL) {
// Used definitions must have an SSA name. We use the name to index
// into bit vectors during analyses. Some definitions without SSA names
// (e.g., PushArgument) have environment uses.
ASSERT((defn->input_use_list() == NULL) || defn->HasSSATemp());
Value* prev = NULL;
Value* curr = defn->input_use_list();
while (curr != NULL) {
ASSERT(prev == curr->previous_use());
ASSERT(defn == curr->definition());
Instruction* instr = curr->instruction();
// The instruction should not be removed from the graph.
ASSERT((instr->IsPhi() && instr->AsPhi()->is_alive()) ||
(instr->previous() != NULL));
ASSERT(curr == instr->InputAt(curr->use_index()));
prev = curr;
curr = curr->next_use();
}
prev = NULL;
curr = defn->env_use_list();
while (curr != NULL) {
ASSERT(prev == curr->previous_use());
ASSERT(defn == curr->definition());
Instruction* instr = curr->instruction();
ASSERT(curr == instr->env()->ValueAtUseIndex(curr->use_index()));
ASSERT((instr->IsPhi() && instr->AsPhi()->is_alive()) ||
(instr->previous() != NULL));
prev = curr;
curr = curr->next_use();
}
}
}
bool FlowGraph::VerifyUseLists() {
// Verify the initial definitions.
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < graph_entry_->initial_definitions()->length(); ++i) {
VerifyUseListsInInstruction((*graph_entry_->initial_definitions())[i]);
}
// Verify phis in join entries and the instructions in each block.
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < preorder_.length(); ++i) {
BlockEntryInstr* entry = preorder_[i];
JoinEntryInstr* join = entry->AsJoinEntry();
if (join != NULL) {
for (PhiIterator it(join); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
PhiInstr* phi = it.Current();
ASSERT(phi != NULL);
VerifyUseListsInInstruction(phi);
}
}
for (ForwardInstructionIterator it(entry); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
VerifyUseListsInInstruction(it.Current());
}
}
return true; // Return true so we can ASSERT validation.
}
#endif // DEBUG
void FlowGraph::ComputeSSA(intptr_t next_virtual_register_number,
GrowableArray<Definition*>* inlining_parameters) {
ASSERT((next_virtual_register_number == 0) || (inlining_parameters != NULL));
current_ssa_temp_index_ = next_virtual_register_number;
GrowableArray<BitVector*> dominance_frontier;
ComputeDominators(&dominance_frontier);
InsertPhis(preorder_, assigned_vars_, dominance_frontier);
GrowableArray<PhiInstr*> live_phis;
// Rename uses to reference inserted phis where appropriate.
// Collect phis that reach a non-environment use.
Rename(&live_phis, inlining_parameters);
// Propagate alive mark transitively from alive phis and then remove
// non-live ones.
RemoveDeadPhis(&live_phis);
}
// Compute immediate dominators and the dominance frontier for each basic
// block. As a side effect of the algorithm, sets the immediate dominator
// of each basic block.
//
// dominance_frontier: an output parameter encoding the dominance frontier.
// The array maps the preorder block number of a block to the set of
// (preorder block numbers of) blocks in the dominance frontier.
void FlowGraph::ComputeDominators(
GrowableArray<BitVector*>* dominance_frontier) {
invalid_dominator_tree_ = false;
// Use the SEMI-NCA algorithm to compute dominators. This is a two-pass
// version of the Lengauer-Tarjan algorithm (LT is normally three passes)
// that eliminates a pass by using nearest-common ancestor (NCA) to
// compute immediate dominators from semidominators. It also removes a
// level of indirection in the link-eval forest data structure.
//
// The algorithm is described in Georgiadis, Tarjan, and Werneck's
// "Finding Dominators in Practice".
// See http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~rwerneck/dominators/ .
// All arrays are maps between preorder basic-block numbers.
intptr_t size = parent_.length();
GrowableArray<intptr_t> idom(size); // Immediate dominator.
GrowableArray<intptr_t> semi(size); // Semidominator.
GrowableArray<intptr_t> label(size); // Label for link-eval forest.
// 1. First pass: compute semidominators as in Lengauer-Tarjan.
// Semidominators are computed from a depth-first spanning tree and are an
// approximation of immediate dominators.
// Use a link-eval data structure with path compression. Implement path
// compression in place by mutating the parent array. Each block has a
// label, which is the minimum block number on the compressed path.
// Initialize idom, semi, and label used by SEMI-NCA. Initialize the
// dominance frontier output array.
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
idom.Add(parent_[i]);
semi.Add(i);
label.Add(i);
dominance_frontier->Add(new BitVector(size));
}
// Loop over the blocks in reverse preorder (not including the graph
// entry). Clear the dominated blocks in the graph entry in case
// ComputeDominators is used to recompute them.
preorder_[0]->ClearDominatedBlocks();
for (intptr_t block_index = size - 1; block_index >= 1; --block_index) {
// Loop over the predecessors.
BlockEntryInstr* block = preorder_[block_index];
// Clear the immediately dominated blocks in case ComputeDominators is
// used to recompute them.
block->ClearDominatedBlocks();
for (intptr_t i = 0, count = block->PredecessorCount(); i < count; ++i) {
BlockEntryInstr* pred = block->PredecessorAt(i);
ASSERT(pred != NULL);
// Look for the semidominator by ascending the semidominator path
// starting from pred.
intptr_t pred_index = pred->preorder_number();
intptr_t best = pred_index;
if (pred_index > block_index) {
CompressPath(block_index, pred_index, &parent_, &label);
best = label[pred_index];
}
// Update the semidominator if we've found a better one.
semi[block_index] = Utils::Minimum(semi[block_index], semi[best]);
}
// Now use label for the semidominator.
label[block_index] = semi[block_index];
}
// 2. Compute the immediate dominators as the nearest common ancestor of
// spanning tree parent and semidominator, for all blocks except the entry.
for (intptr_t block_index = 1; block_index < size; ++block_index) {
intptr_t dom_index = idom[block_index];
while (dom_index > semi[block_index]) {
dom_index = idom[dom_index];
}
idom[block_index] = dom_index;
preorder_[block_index]->set_dominator(preorder_[dom_index]);
preorder_[dom_index]->AddDominatedBlock(preorder_[block_index]);
}
// 3. Now compute the dominance frontier for all blocks. This is
// algorithm in "A Simple, Fast Dominance Algorithm" (Figure 5), which is
// attributed to a paper by Ferrante et al. There is no bookkeeping
// required to avoid adding a block twice to the same block's dominance
// frontier because we use a set to represent the dominance frontier.
for (intptr_t block_index = 0; block_index < size; ++block_index) {
BlockEntryInstr* block = preorder_[block_index];
intptr_t count = block->PredecessorCount();
if (count <= 1) continue;
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
BlockEntryInstr* runner = block->PredecessorAt(i);
while (runner != block->dominator()) {
(*dominance_frontier)[runner->preorder_number()]->Add(block_index);
runner = runner->dominator();
}
}
}
}
void FlowGraph::CompressPath(intptr_t start_index,
intptr_t current_index,
GrowableArray<intptr_t>* parent,
GrowableArray<intptr_t>* label) {
intptr_t next_index = (*parent)[current_index];
if (next_index > start_index) {
CompressPath(start_index, next_index, parent, label);
(*label)[current_index] =
Utils::Minimum((*label)[current_index], (*label)[next_index]);
(*parent)[current_index] = (*parent)[next_index];
}
}
void FlowGraph::InsertPhis(
const GrowableArray<BlockEntryInstr*>& preorder,
const GrowableArray<BitVector*>& assigned_vars,
const GrowableArray<BitVector*>& dom_frontier) {
const intptr_t block_count = preorder.length();
// Map preorder block number to the highest variable index that has a phi
// in that block. Use it to avoid inserting multiple phis for the same
// variable.
GrowableArray<intptr_t> has_already(block_count);
// Map preorder block number to the highest variable index for which the
// block went on the worklist. Use it to avoid adding the same block to
// the worklist more than once for the same variable.
GrowableArray<intptr_t> work(block_count);
// Initialize has_already and work.
for (intptr_t block_index = 0; block_index < block_count; ++block_index) {
has_already.Add(-1);
work.Add(-1);
}
// Insert phis for each variable in turn.
GrowableArray<BlockEntryInstr*> worklist;
for (intptr_t var_index = 0; var_index < variable_count(); ++var_index) {
// Add to the worklist each block containing an assignment.
for (intptr_t block_index = 0; block_index < block_count; ++block_index) {
if (assigned_vars[block_index]->Contains(var_index)) {
work[block_index] = var_index;
worklist.Add(preorder[block_index]);
}
}
while (!worklist.is_empty()) {
BlockEntryInstr* current = worklist.RemoveLast();
// Ensure a phi for each block in the dominance frontier of current.
for (BitVector::Iterator it(dom_frontier[current->preorder_number()]);
!it.Done();
it.Advance()) {
int index = it.Current();
if (has_already[index] < var_index) {
BlockEntryInstr* block = preorder[index];
ASSERT(block->IsJoinEntry());
block->AsJoinEntry()->InsertPhi(var_index, variable_count());
has_already[index] = var_index;
if (work[index] < var_index) {
work[index] = var_index;
worklist.Add(block);
}
}
}
}
}
}
void FlowGraph::Rename(GrowableArray<PhiInstr*>* live_phis,
GrowableArray<Definition*>* inlining_parameters) {
// TODO(fschneider): Support catch-entry.
if (graph_entry_->SuccessorCount() > 1) {
Bailout("Catch-entry support in SSA.");
}
// Initial renaming environment.
GrowableArray<Definition*> env(variable_count());
// Add global constants to the initial definitions.
constant_null_ =
AddConstantToInitialDefinitions(Object::ZoneHandle());
// Add parameters to the initial definitions and renaming environment.
if (inlining_parameters != NULL) {
// Use known parameters.
ASSERT(parameter_count() == inlining_parameters->length());
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < parameter_count(); ++i) {
Definition* defn = (*inlining_parameters)[i];
defn->set_ssa_temp_index(alloc_ssa_temp_index()); // New SSA temp.
AddToInitialDefinitions(defn);
env.Add(defn);
}
} else {
// Create new parameters.
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < parameter_count(); ++i) {
ParameterInstr* param = new ParameterInstr(i, graph_entry_);
param->set_ssa_temp_index(alloc_ssa_temp_index()); // New SSA temp.
AddToInitialDefinitions(param);
env.Add(param);
}
}
// Initialize all locals with #null in the renaming environment.
for (intptr_t i = parameter_count(); i < variable_count(); ++i) {
env.Add(constant_null());
}
BlockEntryInstr* normal_entry = graph_entry_->SuccessorAt(0);
ASSERT(normal_entry != NULL); // Must have entry.
RenameRecursive(normal_entry, &env, live_phis);
}
void FlowGraph::RenameRecursive(BlockEntryInstr* block_entry,
GrowableArray<Definition*>* env,
GrowableArray<PhiInstr*>* live_phis) {
// 1. Process phis first.
if (block_entry->IsJoinEntry()) {
JoinEntryInstr* join = block_entry->AsJoinEntry();
if (join->phis() != NULL) {
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < join->phis()->length(); ++i) {
PhiInstr* phi = (*join->phis())[i];
if (phi != NULL) {
(*env)[i] = phi;
phi->set_ssa_temp_index(alloc_ssa_temp_index()); // New SSA temp.
}
}
}
}
// 2. Process normal instructions.
for (ForwardInstructionIterator it(block_entry); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
Instruction* current = it.Current();
// Attach current environment to the instructions that can deoptimize and
// at goto instructions. Optimizations like LICM expect an environment at
// gotos.
if (current->CanDeoptimize() || current->IsGoto()) {
Environment* deopt_env =
Environment::From(*env,
num_non_copied_params_,
parsed_function_.function());
current->SetEnvironment(deopt_env);
for (Environment::DeepIterator it(deopt_env); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
Value* use = it.CurrentValue();
use->definition()->AddEnvUse(use);
}
}
if (current->CanDeoptimize()) {
current->env()->set_deopt_id(current->deopt_id());
}
// 2a. Handle uses:
// Update expression stack environment for each use.
// For each use of a LoadLocal or StoreLocal: Replace it with the value
// from the environment.
for (intptr_t i = current->InputCount() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
Value* v = current->InputAt(i);
// Update expression stack.
ASSERT(env->length() > variable_count());
Definition* reaching_defn = env->RemoveLast();
Definition* input_defn = v->definition();
if (input_defn->IsLoadLocal() || input_defn->IsStoreLocal()) {
// Remove the load/store from the graph.
input_defn->RemoveFromGraph();
// Assert we are not referencing nulls in the initial environment.
ASSERT(reaching_defn->ssa_temp_index() != -1);
v->set_definition(reaching_defn);
input_defn = reaching_defn;
}
input_defn->AddInputUse(v);
}
// Drop pushed arguments for calls.
for (intptr_t j = 0; j < current->ArgumentCount(); j++) {
env->RemoveLast();
}
// 2b. Handle LoadLocal and StoreLocal.
// For each LoadLocal: Remove it from the graph.
// For each StoreLocal: Remove it from the graph and update the environment.
Definition* definition = current->AsDefinition();
if (definition != NULL) {
LoadLocalInstr* load = definition->AsLoadLocal();
StoreLocalInstr* store = definition->AsStoreLocal();
if ((load != NULL) || (store != NULL)) {
intptr_t index;
if (store != NULL) {
index = store->local().BitIndexIn(num_non_copied_params_);
// Update renaming environment.
(*env)[index] = store->value()->definition();
} else {
// The graph construction ensures we do not have an unused LoadLocal
// computation.
ASSERT(definition->is_used());
index = load->local().BitIndexIn(num_non_copied_params_);
PhiInstr* phi = (*env)[index]->AsPhi();
if ((phi != NULL) && !phi->is_alive()) {
phi->mark_alive();
live_phis->Add(phi);
}
}
// Update expression stack or remove from graph.
if (definition->is_used()) {
env->Add((*env)[index]);
// We remove load/store instructions when we find their use in 2a.
} else {
it.RemoveCurrentFromGraph();
}
} else {
// Not a load or store.
if (definition->is_used()) {
// Assign fresh SSA temporary and update expression stack.
definition->set_ssa_temp_index(alloc_ssa_temp_index());
env->Add(definition);
}
}
}
// 2c. Handle pushed argument.
PushArgumentInstr* push = current->AsPushArgument();
if (push != NULL) {
env->Add(push);
}
}
// 3. Process dominated blocks.
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < block_entry->dominated_blocks().length(); ++i) {
BlockEntryInstr* block = block_entry->dominated_blocks()[i];
GrowableArray<Definition*> new_env(env->length());
new_env.AddArray(*env);
RenameRecursive(block, &new_env, live_phis);
}
// 4. Process successor block. We have edge-split form, so that only blocks
// with one successor can have a join block as successor.
if ((block_entry->last_instruction()->SuccessorCount() == 1) &&
block_entry->last_instruction()->SuccessorAt(0)->IsJoinEntry()) {
JoinEntryInstr* successor =
block_entry->last_instruction()->SuccessorAt(0)->AsJoinEntry();
intptr_t pred_index = successor->IndexOfPredecessor(block_entry);
ASSERT(pred_index >= 0);
if (successor->phis() != NULL) {
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < successor->phis()->length(); ++i) {
PhiInstr* phi = (*successor->phis())[i];
if (phi != NULL) {
// Rename input operand.
Value* use = new Value((*env)[i]);
phi->SetInputAt(pred_index, use);
}
}
}
}
}
void FlowGraph::RemoveDeadPhis(GrowableArray<PhiInstr*>* live_phis) {
while (!live_phis->is_empty()) {
PhiInstr* phi = live_phis->RemoveLast();
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < phi->InputCount(); i++) {
Value* val = phi->InputAt(i);
PhiInstr* used_phi = val->definition()->AsPhi();
if ((used_phi != NULL) && !used_phi->is_alive()) {
used_phi->mark_alive();
live_phis->Add(used_phi);
}
}
}
for (BlockIterator it(postorder_iterator()); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
JoinEntryInstr* join = it.Current()->AsJoinEntry();
if (join != NULL) join->RemoveDeadPhis(constant_null());
}
}
// Find the natural loop for the back edge m->n and attach loop information
// to block n (loop header). The algorithm is described in "Advanced Compiler
// Design & Implementation" (Muchnick) p192.
static void FindLoop(BlockEntryInstr* m,
BlockEntryInstr* n,
intptr_t num_blocks) {
GrowableArray<BlockEntryInstr*> stack;
BitVector* loop = new BitVector(num_blocks);
loop->Add(n->preorder_number());
if (n != m) {
loop->Add(m->preorder_number());
stack.Add(m);
}
while (!stack.is_empty()) {
BlockEntryInstr* p = stack.RemoveLast();
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < p->PredecessorCount(); ++i) {
BlockEntryInstr* q = p->PredecessorAt(i);
if (!loop->Contains(q->preorder_number())) {
loop->Add(q->preorder_number());
stack.Add(q);
}
}
}
n->set_loop_info(loop);
if (FLAG_trace_optimization) {
for (BitVector::Iterator it(loop); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
OS::Print(" B%"Pd"\n", it.Current());
}
}
}
void FlowGraph::ComputeLoops(GrowableArray<BlockEntryInstr*>* loop_headers) {
ASSERT(loop_headers->is_empty());
for (BlockIterator it = postorder_iterator();
!it.Done();
it.Advance()) {
BlockEntryInstr* block = it.Current();
for (intptr_t i = 0; i < block->PredecessorCount(); ++i) {
BlockEntryInstr* pred = block->PredecessorAt(i);
if (block->Dominates(pred)) {
if (FLAG_trace_optimization) {
OS::Print("Back edge B%"Pd" -> B%"Pd"\n", pred->block_id(),
block->block_id());
}
FindLoop(pred, block, preorder_.length());
loop_headers->Add(block);
}
}
}
}
void FlowGraph::Bailout(const char* reason) const {
const char* kFormat = "FlowGraph Bailout: %s %s";
const char* function_name = parsed_function_.function().ToCString();
intptr_t len = OS::SNPrint(NULL, 0, kFormat, function_name, reason) + 1;
char* chars = Isolate::Current()->current_zone()->Alloc<char>(len);
OS::SNPrint(chars, len, kFormat, function_name, reason);
const Error& error = Error::Handle(
LanguageError::New(String::Handle(String::New(chars))));
Isolate::Current()->long_jump_base()->Jump(1, error);
}
void FlowGraph::RepairGraphAfterInlining() {
DiscoverBlocks();
if (invalid_dominator_tree_) {
GrowableArray<BitVector*> dominance_frontier;
ComputeDominators(&dominance_frontier);
}
}
intptr_t FlowGraph::InstructionCount() const {
intptr_t size = 0;
// Iterate each block, skipping the graph entry.
for (intptr_t i = 1; i < preorder_.length(); ++i) {
for (ForwardInstructionIterator it(preorder_[i]);
!it.Done();
it.Advance()) {
++size;
}
}
return size;
}
} // namespace dart