diff --git a/pkg/compiler/lib/src/ir/impact_data.dart b/pkg/compiler/lib/src/ir/impact_data.dart
index 314e42cae45..df94d215add 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/lib/src/ir/impact_data.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/lib/src/ir/impact_data.dart
@@ -222,8 +222,8 @@ class ImpactBuilder extends StaticTypeVisitor implements ImpactRegistry {
   void handleAsExpression(ir.AsExpression node, ir.DartType operandType,
       {bool? isCalculatedTypeSubtype}) {
     if (isCalculatedTypeSubtype ??
-        typeEnvironment.isSubtypeOf(operandType, node.type,
-            ir.SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities)) {
+        typeEnvironment.isSubtypeOf(
+            operandType, node.type, ir.SubtypeCheckMode.withNullabilities)) {
       // Skip unneeded casts.
       return;
     }
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/lib/src/ir/static_type.dart b/pkg/compiler/lib/src/ir/static_type.dart
index 2269da9d477..3b4040e1881 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/lib/src/ir/static_type.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/lib/src/ir/static_type.dart
@@ -1320,7 +1320,7 @@ abstract class StaticTypeVisitor extends StaticTypeBase {
     // Check if the calculated operandType is a subtype of the type specified
     // in the `as` expression.
     final isCalculatedTypeSubtype = typeEnvironment.isSubtypeOf(
-        operandType, node.type, ir.SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities);
+        operandType, node.type, ir.SubtypeCheckMode.withNullabilities);
     if (!isCalculatedTypeSubtype &&
         operand is ir.VariableGet &&
         !_invalidatedVariables.contains(operand.variable)) {
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/generic.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/generic.dart
index 3fd1f774574..354f8f828f8 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/generic.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/generic.dart
@@ -56,12 +56,10 @@ class Class1<T> {
     }
 
     var local2 =
-        /*prod.hasThis*/
-        /*spec.fields=[S,this],free=[S,this],hasThis*/
+        /*fields=[S,this],free=[S,this],hasThis*/
         (o) {
       return
-          /*prod.hasThis*/
-          /*spec.fields=[S,this],free=[S,this],hasThis*/
+          /*fields=[S,this],free=[S,this],hasThis*/
           () => Map<T, S>();
     };
     return local2(local<double>());
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/list_literal_untested_class.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/list_literal_untested_class.dart
index c4019598237..26f724c0d55 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/list_literal_untested_class.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/list_literal_untested_class.dart
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ class A<T> {
   /*member: A.method:hasThis*/
   @pragma('dart2js:noInline')
   method() {
-    /*spec.fields=[this],free=[this],hasThis*/
-    /*prod.hasThis*/
+    /*fields=[this],free=[this],hasThis*/
     dynamic local() => <T>[];
     return local;
   }
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/list_literal_untested_method.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/list_literal_untested_method.dart
index 57a4c3d4cb3..cc4e8ecd936 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/list_literal_untested_method.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/list_literal_untested_method.dart
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import 'package:expect/expect.dart';
 
 @pragma('dart2js:noInline')
 method<T>() {
-  /*spec.fields=[T],free=[T]*/
+  /*fields=[T],free=[T]*/
   dynamic local() => <T>[];
   return local;
 }
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/map_literal_untested_class.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/map_literal_untested_class.dart
index 7cd568bdf73..6b17fa5ab57 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/map_literal_untested_class.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/map_literal_untested_class.dart
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ class A<T> {
   /*member: A.method:hasThis*/
   @pragma('dart2js:noInline')
   method() {
-    /*spec.fields=[this],free=[this],hasThis*/
-    /*prod.hasThis*/
+    /*fields=[this],free=[this],hasThis*/
     dynamic local() => <T, int>{};
     return local;
   }
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/map_literal_untested_method.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/map_literal_untested_method.dart
index 3ddf2c3bad7..050351c48ef 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/map_literal_untested_method.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/closure/data/map_literal_untested_method.dart
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import 'package:expect/expect.dart';
 
 @pragma('dart2js:noInline')
 method<T>() {
-  /*spec.fields=[T],free=[T]*/
+  /*fields=[T],free=[T]*/
   dynamic local() => <T, int>{};
   return local;
 }
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/codegen/data/array_add.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/codegen/data/array_add.dart
index 81ecb407710..e2f7e01c325 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/codegen/data/array_add.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/codegen/data/array_add.dart
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
   return t1;
 }*/
 /*prod.member: test1:function() {
-  var t1 = [];
+  var t1 = A._setArrayType([], type$.JSArray_int);
   t1.push(1);
   return t1;
 }*/
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/codegen/literal_list_test.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/codegen/literal_list_test.dart
index ae346c3c1de..96eb94005e4 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/codegen/literal_list_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/codegen/literal_list_test.dart
@@ -18,12 +18,18 @@ foo() {
 main() {
   runTest() async {
     await compile(TEST_ONE, entry: 'foo', check: (String generated) {
-      Expect.isTrue(generated.contains('print([1, 2]);'),
-          "Code pattern 'print([1, 2]);' not found in\n$generated");
-      Expect.isTrue(generated.contains('print([3]);'),
-          "Code pattern 'print([3]);' not found in\n$generated");
-      Expect.isTrue(generated.contains('print([4, 5]);'),
-          "Code pattern 'print([4, 5]);' not found in\n$generated");
+      Expect.isTrue(
+          generated.contains('A.print(A._setArrayType([1, 2], t1));'),
+          "Code pattern 'A.print(A._setArrayType([1, 2], t1));' "
+          "not found in\n$generated");
+      Expect.isTrue(
+          generated.contains('A.print(A._setArrayType([3], t1));'),
+          "Code pattern 'A.print(A._setArrayType([3], t1));' "
+          "not found in\n$generated");
+      Expect.isTrue(
+          generated.contains('A.print(A._setArrayType([4, 5], t1));'),
+          "Code pattern 'A.print(A._setArrayType([4, 5], t1));' "
+          "not found in\n$generated");
     });
   }
 
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/async_foreach.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/async_foreach.dart
index 09f4c482906..7dfaa8754ea 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/async_foreach.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/async_foreach.dart
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 import 'package:compiler/src/util/testing.dart';
 
 /*spec.class: Class:explicit=[Class.T*],implicit=[Class.T],needsArgs,test*/
-/*prod.class: Class:needsArgs*/
+/*prod.class: Class:implicit=[Class.T],needsArgs,test*/
 class Class<T> {
   method() {
     var list = <T>[];
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/async_foreach_nonasync.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/async_foreach_nonasync.dart
index 99cb53702e2..a464e0d6187 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/async_foreach_nonasync.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/async_foreach_nonasync.dart
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 import 'package:compiler/src/util/testing.dart';
 
 /*spec.class: Class:explicit=[Class.T*],implicit=[Class.T],needsArgs,test*/
+/*prod.class: Class:implicit=[Class.T],needsArgs,test*/
 class Class<T> {
   method() {
     var list = <T>[];
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/generic_class_is2.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/generic_class_is2.dart
index 029adc68972..00be9eef201 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/generic_class_is2.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/generic_class_is2.dart
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import 'package:compiler/src/util/testing.dart';
 /*class: A:implicit=[List<A<C*>*>,List<A<C2*>*>]*/
 class A<T> {}
 
-/*spec.class: A1:implicit=[A1]*/
+/*class: A1:implicit=[A1]*/
 class A1 implements A<C1> {}
 
 /*class: B:explicit=[B.T*],needsArgs,test*/
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/generic_methods_dynamic_05.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/generic_methods_dynamic_05.dart
index 0cb12423a19..0d30b72892d 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/generic_methods_dynamic_05.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/generic_methods_dynamic_05.dart
@@ -9,20 +9,19 @@ import 'package:compiler/src/util/testing.dart';
 // Test derived from language_2/generic_methods_dynamic_test/05
 
 /*spec.class: global#JSArray:deps=[ArrayIterator,List],explicit=[JSArray,JSArray.E,JSArray<ArrayIterator.E>],implicit=[JSArray.E],needsArgs,test*/
-/*prod.class: global#JSArray:deps=[List],needsArgs*/
+/*prod.class: global#JSArray:deps=[List],implicit=[JSArray.E],needsArgs,test*/
 
 /*spec.class: global#List:deps=[C.bar,JSArray.markFixedList],explicit=[List<B*>*,List<Object>,List<Object?>,List<String>?,List<markFixedList.T>],needsArgs,test*/
-/*prod.class: global#List:deps=[C.bar],explicit=[List<B*>*],needsArgs*/
+/*prod.class: global#List:deps=[C.bar],explicit=[List<B*>*],needsArgs,test*/
 
 class A {}
 
-/*spec.class: B:explicit=[List<B*>*],implicit=[B]*/
-/*prod.class: B:explicit=[List<B*>*]*/
+/*class: B:explicit=[List<B*>*],implicit=[B]*/
 class B {}
 
 class C {
   /*spec.member: C.bar:explicit=[Iterable<bar.T*>*],implicit=[bar.T],needsArgs,selectors=[Selector(call, bar, arity=1, types=1)],test*/
-  /*prod.member: C.bar:needsArgs,selectors=[Selector(call, bar, arity=1, types=1)]*/
+  /*prod.member: C.bar:implicit=[bar.T],needsArgs,selectors=[Selector(call, bar, arity=1, types=1)],test*/
   List<T> bar<T>(Iterable<T> t) => <T>[t.first];
 }
 
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/local_function_list_literal.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/local_function_list_literal.dart
index 0af6116dd2f..2ef3666582f 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/local_function_list_literal.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/local_function_list_literal.dart
@@ -7,11 +7,10 @@
 import 'package:compiler/src/util/testing.dart';
 
 /*spec.class: global#JSArray:deps=[ArrayIterator,List],explicit=[JSArray,JSArray.E,JSArray<ArrayIterator.E>],implicit=[JSArray.E],needsArgs,test*/
-/*prod.class: global#JSArray:deps=[List],needsArgs*/
+/*prod.class: global#JSArray:deps=[List],implicit=[JSArray.E],needsArgs,test*/
 
 @pragma('dart2js:noInline')
-/*spec.member: method:implicit=[method.T],needsArgs,test*/
-/*prod.member: method:needsArgs*/
+/*member: method:implicit=[method.T],needsArgs,test*/
 method<T>() {
   return /*spec.*/ () => <T>[];
 }
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/local_function_map_literal.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/local_function_map_literal.dart
index 7130d699f57..32b5694c6db 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/local_function_map_literal.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/local_function_map_literal.dart
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 import 'package:compiler/src/util/testing.dart';
 
 /*spec.class: global#LinkedHashMap:deps=[Map],explicit=[LinkedHashMap<LinkedHashMap.K,LinkedHashMap.V>],implicit=[LinkedHashMap.K,LinkedHashMap.V],needsArgs,test*/
-/*prod.class: global#LinkedHashMap:deps=[Map],needsArgs*/
+/*prod.class: global#LinkedHashMap:deps=[Map],implicit=[LinkedHashMap.K,LinkedHashMap.V],needsArgs*/
 
 @pragma('dart2js:noInline')
 /*spec.member: method:implicit=[method.T],needsArgs,test*/
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/map_literal.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/map_literal.dart
index 60568fd0d15..4d4f0d64e72 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/map_literal.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/map_literal.dart
@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@
 
 // @dart = 2.7
 
-/*prod.class: global#Map:*/
+/*prod.class: global#Map:needsArgs*/
 /*spec.class: global#Map:explicit=[Map,Map<Object?,Object?>],needsArgs,test*/
 
-/*prod.class: global#LinkedHashMap:deps=[Map]*/
+/*prod.class: global#LinkedHashMap:deps=[Map],implicit=[LinkedHashMap.K,LinkedHashMap.V],needsArgs*/
 /*spec.class: global#LinkedHashMap:deps=[Map],explicit=[LinkedHashMap<LinkedHashMap.K,LinkedHashMap.V>],implicit=[LinkedHashMap.K,LinkedHashMap.V],needsArgs,test*/
 
-/*prod.class: global#JsLinkedHashMap:deps=[LinkedHashMap]*/
+/*prod.class: global#JsLinkedHashMap:deps=[LinkedHashMap],needsArgs*/
 /*spec.class: global#JsLinkedHashMap:deps=[LinkedHashMap],explicit=[JsLinkedHashMap,JsLinkedHashMap.K,JsLinkedHashMap.V,void Function(JsLinkedHashMap.K,JsLinkedHashMap.V)],implicit=[JsLinkedHashMap.K],needsArgs,test*/
 
 /*prod.class: global#double:*/
diff --git a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/map_to_set.dart b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/map_to_set.dart
index 5aa278f2f03..d33788bac4d 100644
--- a/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/map_to_set.dart
+++ b/pkg/compiler/test/rti/data/map_to_set.dart
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 /*prod.class: global#Map:deps=[Class],needsArgs*/
 /*spec.class: global#Map:deps=[Class],explicit=[Map,Map<Object?,Object?>],needsArgs,test*/
 
-/*prod.class: global#LinkedHashMap:deps=[Map],implicit=[LinkedHashMap.K],needsArgs*/
+/*prod.class: global#LinkedHashMap:deps=[Map],implicit=[LinkedHashMap.K,LinkedHashMap.V],needsArgs*/
 /*spec.class: global#LinkedHashMap:deps=[Map],explicit=[LinkedHashMap<LinkedHashMap.K,LinkedHashMap.V>],implicit=[LinkedHashMap.K,LinkedHashMap.V],needsArgs,test*/
 
 /*prod.class: global#JsLinkedHashMap:deps=[LinkedHashMap],implicit=[JsLinkedHashMap.K],needsArgs*/
diff --git a/tests/web/regress/issue/54419_test.dart b/tests/web/regress/issue/54419_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..854d6823960
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/web/regress/issue/54419_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
+// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
+// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+import 'package:expect/expect.dart';
+
+// Ensure we don't omit as checks based on a subtype check ignoring nullability.
+
+void foo<T>(T? x) {
+  print(x as T);
+}
+
+void main() {
+  if (hasSoundNullSafety) {
+    Expect.throws(() => foo<int>(null));
+  }
+}