diff --git a/pkg/kernel/analysis_options.yaml b/pkg/kernel/analysis_options.yaml
index 5e69d0b657b..a5258579105 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/analysis_options.yaml
+++ b/pkg/kernel/analysis_options.yaml
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ analyzer:
 
 linter:
   rules:
+    - unnecessary_type_name_in_constructor
+    - unnecessary_const_in_enum_constructor
     - collection_methods_unrelated_type
     - curly_braces_in_flow_control_structures
     - prefer_adjacent_string_concatenation
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/bin/compare_hierarchies.dart b/pkg/kernel/bin/compare_hierarchies.dart
index ae754195392..8c8ef1276ec 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/bin/compare_hierarchies.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/bin/compare_hierarchies.dart
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ class ClassReference {
   final String name;
   final Uri libImportUri;
 
-  const ClassReference(this.name, this.libImportUri);
+  const new(this.name, this.libImportUri);
 
   @override
   int get hashCode => name.hashCode * 13 + libImportUri.hashCode * 17;
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/bin/size_breakdown.dart b/pkg/kernel/bin/size_breakdown.dart
index 31801f939a3..aa4cf2bd340 100755
--- a/pkg/kernel/bin/size_breakdown.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/bin/size_breakdown.dart
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ void main(args) {
 }
 
 class WrappedBinaryBuilder extends BinaryBuilder {
-  WrappedBinaryBuilder(_bytes) : super(_bytes, disableLazyReading: true);
+  new(_bytes) : super(_bytes, disableLazyReading: true);
   int offsetsSize = 0;
   int stringTableSize = 0;
   int linkTableSize = 0;
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/bin/switch_order.dart b/pkg/kernel/bin/switch_order.dart
index 77461df1da8..89f982f509c 100755
--- a/pkg/kernel/bin/switch_order.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/bin/switch_order.dart
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ class SortableDataString implements Comparable<SortableDataString> {
   final double data;
   final String value;
 
-  SortableDataString(this.data, this.value);
+  new(this.data, this.value);
 
   @override
   String toString() => value;
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ class WrappedBinaryBuilder extends BinaryBuilder {
   List<int> statementTypes = List<int>.filled(255, 0);
   List<int> typeTypes = List<int>.filled(255, 0);
 
-  WrappedBinaryBuilder(_bytes)
+  new(_bytes)
     : super(
         _bytes,
         disableLazyReading: true,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/ast_from_binary.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/ast_from_binary.dart
index 8342eae5cc9..9521e184da5 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/ast_from_binary.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/ast_from_binary.dart
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class ParseError {
   final String message;
   final String path;
 
-  ParseError(
+  new(
     this.message, {
     required this.filename,
     required this.byteIndex,
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class InvalidKernelVersionError {
   final String? filename;
   final int version;
 
-  InvalidKernelVersionError(this.filename, this.version);
+  new(this.filename, this.version);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class InvalidKernelVersionError {
 class InvalidKernelSdkVersionError {
   final String version;
 
-  InvalidKernelSdkVersionError(this.version);
+  new(this.version);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class InvalidKernelSdkVersionError {
 class CompilationModeError {
   final String message;
 
-  CompilationModeError(this.message);
+  new(this.message);
 
   @override
   String toString() => "CompilationModeError[$message]";
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class _ComponentIndex {
   final int libraryCount;
   final int componentFileSizeInBytes;
 
-  _ComponentIndex({
+  new({
     required this.binaryOffsetForSourceTable,
     required this.binaryOffsetForCanonicalNames,
     required this.binaryOffsetForMetadataPayloads,
@@ -107,11 +107,7 @@ class SubComponentView {
   final int componentStartOffset;
   final int componentFileSize;
 
-  SubComponentView(
-    this.libraries,
-    this.componentStartOffset,
-    this.componentFileSize,
-  );
+  new(this.libraries, this.componentStartOffset, this.componentFileSize);
 }
 
 /// [StringInterner] allows Strings created from the binary to be shared with
@@ -184,7 +180,7 @@ class BinaryBuilder {
 
   /// Note that [disableLazyClassReading] is incompatible
   /// with checkCanonicalNames on readComponent.
-  BinaryBuilder(
+  new(
     this._bytes, {
     this.filename,
     bool disableLazyReading = false,
@@ -4585,7 +4581,7 @@ class BinaryBuilderWithMetadata extends BinaryBuilder implements BinarySource {
   List<int>? _allKnownMetadataKeys;
   int? _previousMetadataLookupKey;
 
-  BinaryBuilderWithMetadata(
+  new(
     Uint8List bytes, {
     String? filename,
     bool disableLazyReading = false,
@@ -4927,5 +4923,5 @@ class _MetadataSubsection {
   /// Deserialized mapping from node offsets to metadata offsets.
   final Map<int, int> mapping;
 
-  _MetadataSubsection(this.repository, this.mapping);
+  new(this.repository, this.mapping);
 }
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/ast_to_binary.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/ast_to_binary.dart
index 3793de24983..744c43d7637 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/ast_to_binary.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/ast_to_binary.dart
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class BinaryPrinter
   ///
   /// The BinaryPrinter will use its own buffer, so the [sink] does not need
   /// one.
-  BinaryPrinter(
+  new(
     Sink<List<int>> sink, {
     this.libraryFilter,
     StringIndexer? stringIndexer,
@@ -3608,7 +3608,7 @@ class StringIndexer {
   // Note that the iteration order is important.
   final Map<String, int> index = new Map<String, int>();
 
-  StringIndexer() {
+  new() {
     put('');
   }
 
@@ -3626,7 +3626,7 @@ class UriIndexer {
   // Note that the iteration order is important.
   final Map<Uri, int> index = new Map<Uri, int>();
 
-  UriIndexer();
+  new();
 
   int put(Uri uri) {
     int? result = index[uri];
@@ -3653,7 +3653,7 @@ class BufferedSink {
 
   int get offset => length + flushedLength;
 
-  BufferedSink(this._sink);
+  new(this._sink);
 
   void addDouble(double d) {
     Uint8List doubleBufferUint8 = _doubleBufferUint8 ??= _doubleBuffer.buffer
@@ -3758,7 +3758,7 @@ class _MetadataSubsection {
   /// (nodeOffset) in ascending order.
   final List<int> metadataMapping = <int>[];
 
-  _MetadataSubsection(this.repository);
+  new(this.repository);
 }
 
 /// A [Sink] that directly writes data into a byte builder.
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/multi_binary_loader.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/multi_binary_loader.dart
index 91a79f10404..51c8a3c5f80 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/multi_binary_loader.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/binary/multi_binary_loader.dart
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ class _LoadedData {
   final Component component;
   final List<CanonicalName> linkTable;
 
-  _LoadedData(this.data, this.component, this.linkTable);
+  new(this.data, this.component, this.linkTable);
 }
 
 /// Calculate the "Adler-32" checksum.
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/canonical_name.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/canonical_name.dart
index 19a57866d16..cea7fd60374 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/canonical_name.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/canonical_name.dart
@@ -93,11 +93,11 @@ class CanonicalName implements Comparable<CanonicalName?> {
   /// Temporary index used during serialization.
   int index = -1;
 
-  CanonicalName._(CanonicalName parent, this.name) : _parent = parent {
+  new _(CanonicalName parent, this.name) : _parent = parent {
     _nonRootTop = parent.isRoot ? this : parent._nonRootTop;
   }
 
-  CanonicalName.root() : _parent = null, _nonRootTop = null, name = '';
+  new root() : _parent = null, _nonRootTop = null, name = '';
 
   bool get isRoot => _parent == null;
 
@@ -672,14 +672,14 @@ class Reference implements Comparable<Reference> {
 class CanonicalNameError {
   final String message;
 
-  CanonicalNameError(this.message);
+  new(this.message);
 
   @override
   String toString() => 'CanonicalNameError: $message';
 }
 
 class CanonicalNameSdkError extends CanonicalNameError {
-  CanonicalNameSdkError(String message) : super(message);
+  new(String message) : super(message);
 
   @override
   String toString() => 'CanonicalNameSdkError: $message';
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/class_hierarchy.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/class_hierarchy.dart
index 863bec66526..d0337941c78 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/class_hierarchy.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/class_hierarchy.dart
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ abstract class ClassHierarchyMembers {
 /// Interface for answering various subclassing queries.
 abstract class ClassHierarchy
     implements ClassHierarchyBase, ClassHierarchyMembers {
-  factory ClassHierarchy(
+  factory(
     Component component,
     CoreTypes coreTypes, {
     HandleAmbiguousSupertypes? onAmbiguousSupertypes,
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ class _ClassInfoSubtype {
   /// interleaved begin/end interval end points.
   late final Uint32List subtypeIntervalList;
 
-  _ClassInfoSubtype(this.classInfo);
+  new(this.classInfo);
 }
 
 class _ClosedWorldClassHierarchySubtypes implements ClassHierarchySubtypes {
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ class _ClosedWorldClassHierarchySubtypes implements ClassHierarchySubtypes {
   final Map<Class, _ClassInfoSubtype> _infoMap = <Class, _ClassInfoSubtype>{};
   bool invalidated = false;
 
-  _ClosedWorldClassHierarchySubtypes(this.hierarchy)
+  new(this.hierarchy)
     : _classesByTopDownIndex = new List<Class?>.filled(
         hierarchy._infoMap.length,
         null,
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ class ClosedWorldClassHierarchy
 
   _ClosedWorldClassHierarchySubtypes? _cachedClassHierarchySubtypes;
 
-  ClosedWorldClassHierarchy._internal(
+  new _internal(
     this.coreTypes,
     HandleAmbiguousSupertypes onAmbiguousSupertypes,
   ) {
@@ -2067,7 +2067,7 @@ class ForTestingClassInfo {
   final List<Member>? lazyInterfaceGettersAndCalls;
   final List<Member>? lazyInterfaceSetters;
 
-  ForTestingClassInfo._(_ClassInfo c)
+  new _(_ClassInfo c)
     : classNode = c.classNode,
       lazyDeclaredGettersAndCalls = c.lazyDeclaredGettersAndCalls,
       lazyDeclaredSetters = c.lazyDeclaredSetters,
@@ -2135,7 +2135,7 @@ class _ClassInfo {
   List<Member>? lazyInterfaceGettersAndCalls;
   List<Member>? lazyInterfaceSetters;
 
-  _ClassInfo(this.classNode);
+  new(this.classNode);
 
   bool isSubclassOf(_ClassInfo other) {
     return _intervalListContains(
@@ -2187,7 +2187,7 @@ class _ClassInfo {
 /// An immutable set of classes.
 class ClassSet extends IterableBase<Class> {
   final Set<Class> _classes;
-  ClassSet(this._classes);
+  new(this._classes);
 
   @override
   bool contains(Object? class_) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/clone.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/clone.dart
index 0e4976a8df3..69afd22b54b 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/clone.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/clone.dart
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class CloneVisitorNotMembers
   /// The boolean value of [cloneAnnotations] tells if the annotations on the
   /// outline elements in the source AST should be cloned to the target AST. The
   /// annotations in procedure bodies are cloned unconditionally.
-  CloneVisitorNotMembers({
+  new({
     Map<TypeParameter, DartType>? typeSubstitution,
     Map<TypeParameter, TypeParameter>? typeParams,
     Map<StructuralParameter, StructuralParameter>? structuralParameters,
@@ -1389,7 +1389,7 @@ class CloneVisitorNotMembers
 /// It is safe to clone members, but cloning a class or library is not
 /// supported.
 class CloneVisitorWithMembers extends CloneVisitorNotMembers {
-  CloneVisitorWithMembers({
+  new({
     Map<TypeParameter, DartType>? typeSubstitution,
     Map<TypeParameter, TypeParameter>? typeParams,
     bool cloneAnnotations = true,
@@ -1522,7 +1522,7 @@ class MixinApplicationCloner extends CloneVisitorWithMembers {
   Map<Name, Member>? _getterMap;
   Map<Name, Member>? _setterMap;
 
-  MixinApplicationCloner(
+  new(
     this.mixinApplicationClass, {
     Map<TypeParameter, DartType>? typeSubstitution,
     Map<TypeParameter, TypeParameter>? typeParams,
@@ -1617,7 +1617,7 @@ class MixinApplicationCloner extends CloneVisitorWithMembers {
 }
 
 class CloneProcedureWithoutBody extends CloneVisitorWithMembers {
-  CloneProcedureWithoutBody({
+  new({
     Map<TypeParameter, DartType>? typeSubstitution,
     bool cloneAnnotations = true,
   }) : super(
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/const_finder.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/const_finder.dart
index 7d223727426..6a6576adac9 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/const_finder.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/const_finder.dart
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import 'dart:collection';
 import 'kernel.dart';
 
 class _ConstVisitor extends RecursiveVisitor {
-  _ConstVisitor(
+  new(
     this.classLibraryUri,
     this.className,
     this.annotationClassLibraryUri,
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ class ConstFinder {
   /// Creates a new ConstFinder class.
   ///
   /// The `kernelFilePath` is the path to a dill (kernel) file to process.
-  ConstFinder({
+  new({
     required this.kernelFilePath,
     required String classLibraryUri,
     required String className,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/core_types.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/core_types.dart
index 7cdb066b3e4..65b8d1ce68d 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/core_types.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/core_types.dart
@@ -95,8 +95,7 @@ class CoreTypes {
   final Map<Class, InterfaceType> _bottomInterfaceTypes =
       new Map<Class, InterfaceType>.identity();
 
-  CoreTypes(Component component)
-    : index = new LibraryIndex.coreLibraries(component);
+  new(Component component) : index = new LibraryIndex.coreLibraries(component);
 
   late final Library asyncLibrary = index.getLibrary('dart:async');
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/error_formatter.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/error_formatter.dart
index 5d2cc2059a9..f41a12675d3 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/error_formatter.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/error_formatter.dart
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ Source:
 class HighlightingPrinter extends Printer {
   final Node highlight;
 
-  HighlightingPrinter(this.highlight)
+  new(this.highlight)
     : super(new StringBuffer(), syntheticNames: globalDebuggingNames);
 
   @override
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/extension_table.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/extension_table.dart
index fbb2deb3a2a..f69662115a5 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/extension_table.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/extension_table.dart
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class ExtensionMemberInfo {
   /// The [ExtensionMemberDescriptor] for the lowered [member].
   final ExtensionMemberDescriptor descriptor;
 
-  ExtensionMemberInfo(this.extension, this.member, this.descriptor);
+  new(this.extension, this.member, this.descriptor);
 }
 
 /// Information about an extension type member lowered as a top level member.
@@ -61,11 +61,7 @@ class ExtensionTypeMemberInfo {
   /// The [ExtensionMemberDescriptor] for the lowered [member].
   final ExtensionTypeMemberDescriptor descriptor;
 
-  ExtensionTypeMemberInfo(
-    this.extensionTypeDeclaration,
-    this.member,
-    this.descriptor,
-  );
+  new(this.extensionTypeDeclaration, this.member, this.descriptor);
 }
 
 class _LibraryInfo {
@@ -75,7 +71,7 @@ class _LibraryInfo {
     _library,
   );
 
-  _LibraryInfo(this._library);
+  new(this._library);
 
   ExtensionMemberInfo getExtensionMemberInfo(Member member) {
     return _extensionTable[member];
@@ -89,7 +85,7 @@ class _LibraryInfo {
 class _ExtensionTable {
   final Map<Member, ExtensionMemberInfo> _map = {};
 
-  _ExtensionTable(Library library) {
+  new(Library library) {
     for (Extension extension in library.extensions) {
       for (ExtensionMemberDescriptor descriptor
           in extension.memberDescriptors) {
@@ -119,7 +115,7 @@ class _ExtensionTable {
 class _ExtensionTypeTable {
   final Map<Member, ExtensionTypeMemberInfo> _map = {};
 
-  _ExtensionTypeTable(Library library) {
+  new(Library library) {
     for (ExtensionTypeDeclaration extensionTypeDeclaration
         in library.extensionTypeDeclarations) {
       for (ExtensionTypeMemberDescriptor descriptor
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/import_table.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/import_table.dart
index 0698253e728..cf89ee21650 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/import_table.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/import_table.dart
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ abstract class ImportTable {
 class ComponentImportTable implements ImportTable {
   final Map<Library, int> _libraryIndex = <Library, int>{};
 
-  ComponentImportTable(Component component) {
+  new(Component component) {
     for (int i = 0; i < component.libraries.length; ++i) {
       _libraryIndex[component.libraries[i]] = i;
     }
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ class LibraryImportTable implements ImportTable {
   final List<Library> _importedLibraries = <Library>[];
   final Map<Library, int> _libraryIndex = <Library, int>{};
 
-  factory LibraryImportTable(Library lib) {
+  factory(Library lib) {
     return new _ImportTableBuilder(lib).build();
   }
 
-  LibraryImportTable.empty();
+  new empty();
 
   List<Library> get importedLibraries => _importedLibraries;
 
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class _ImportTableBuilder extends RecursiveVisitor {
     return table;
   }
 
-  _ImportTableBuilder(this.referenceLibrary) {
+  new(this.referenceLibrary) {
     table.addImport(referenceLibrary, '');
   }
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/library_index.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/library_index.dart
index a66069d82fc..a5d84181cbd 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/library_index.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/library_index.dart
@@ -23,14 +23,11 @@ class LibraryIndex {
   final Map<String, _ContainerTable> _libraries = <String, _ContainerTable>{};
 
   /// Indexes the libraries with the URIs given in [libraryUris].
-  LibraryIndex(Component component, Iterable<String> libraryUris)
+  new(Component component, Iterable<String> libraryUris)
     : this.fromLibraries(component.libraries, libraryUris);
 
   /// Indexes the libraries with the URIs given in [libraryUris].
-  LibraryIndex.fromLibraries(
-    Iterable<Library> libraries,
-    Iterable<String> libraryUris,
-  ) {
+  new fromLibraries(Iterable<Library> libraries, Iterable<String> libraryUris) {
     Set<String> libraryUriSet = libraryUris.toSet();
     for (Library library in libraries) {
       String uri = '${library.importUri}';
@@ -41,7 +38,7 @@ class LibraryIndex {
   }
 
   /// Indexes `dart:` libraries.
-  LibraryIndex.coreLibraries(Component component) {
+  new coreLibraries(Component component) {
     for (Library library in component.libraries) {
       if (library.importUri.isScheme('dart')) {
         _libraries['${library.importUri}'] = new _ContainerTable(library);
@@ -53,7 +50,7 @@ class LibraryIndex {
   ///
   /// Consider using another constructor to only index the libraries that
   /// are needed.
-  LibraryIndex.all(Component component) {
+  new all(Component component) {
     for (Library library in component.libraries) {
       _libraries['${library.importUri}'] = new _ContainerTable(library);
     }
@@ -180,7 +177,7 @@ class _ContainerTable {
 
   Map<String, _MemberTable>? _containers;
 
-  _ContainerTable(this.library);
+  new(this.library);
 
   Map<String, _MemberTable> get containers {
     if (_containers == null) {
@@ -279,18 +276,16 @@ class _MemberTable {
 
   Library get library => parent.library;
 
-  _MemberTable.fromClass(this.parent, this.class_)
+  new fromClass(this.parent, this.class_)
     : extensionTypeDeclaration = null,
       extension_ = null;
-  _MemberTable.fromExtensionTypeDeclaration(
-    this.parent,
-    this.extensionTypeDeclaration,
-  ) : class_ = null,
+  new fromExtensionTypeDeclaration(this.parent, this.extensionTypeDeclaration)
+    : class_ = null,
       extension_ = null;
-  _MemberTable.fromExtension(this.parent, this.extension_)
+  new fromExtension(this.parent, this.extension_)
     : class_ = null,
       extensionTypeDeclaration = null;
-  _MemberTable.topLevel(this.parent)
+  new topLevel(this.parent)
     : class_ = null,
       extensionTypeDeclaration = null,
       extension_ = null;
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/naive_type_checker.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/naive_type_checker.dart
index afd85d5ffde..8682fb88d0b 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/naive_type_checker.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/naive_type_checker.dart
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ abstract class FailureListener {
 class NaiveTypeChecker extends type_checker.TypeChecker {
   final FailureListener failures;
 
-  factory NaiveTypeChecker(
+  factory(
     FailureListener failures,
     Component component, {
     bool ignoreSdk = false,
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class NaiveTypeChecker extends type_checker.TypeChecker {
     );
   }
 
-  NaiveTypeChecker._(
+  new _(
     this.failures,
     CoreTypes coreTypes,
     ClassHierarchy hierarchy,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/reference_from_index.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/reference_from_index.dart
index 3d2e54fcf96..f8de9b089aa 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/reference_from_index.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/reference_from_index.dart
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class IndexedLibrary extends IndexedContainerImpl {
   /// TODO(jensj): Should this class be renamed to make it more immediately
   /// clear that it also clears canonical names? And should the class be moved
   /// as it is more tightly bound with the incremental compiler?
-  IndexedLibrary(this.library) {
+  new(this.library) {
     library.reference.canonicalName = null;
     for (int i = 0; i < library.typedefs.length; i++) {
       Typedef typedef = library.typedefs[i];
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ class IndexedClass extends IndexedContainerImpl {
   @override
   final Library library;
 
-  IndexedClass._(this._cls, this.library) {
+  new _(this._cls, this.library) {
     for (int i = 0; i < _cls.constructors.length; i++) {
       Constructor constructor = _cls.constructors[i];
       constructor.reference.canonicalName = null;
@@ -210,10 +210,7 @@ class IndexedExtensionTypeDeclaration
   final IndexedLibrary _indexedLibrary;
   final ExtensionTypeDeclaration extensionTypeDeclaration;
 
-  IndexedExtensionTypeDeclaration(
-    this._indexedLibrary,
-    this.extensionTypeDeclaration,
-  ) {
+  new(this._indexedLibrary, this.extensionTypeDeclaration) {
     _addProcedures(extensionTypeDeclaration.procedures);
   }
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/components.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/components.dart
index cd6cd5281f4..b5af1a88b48 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/components.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/components.dart
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class Component extends TreeNode {
   Reference? _mainMethodName;
   Reference? get mainMethodName => _mainMethodName;
 
-  Component({
+  new({
     CanonicalName? nameRoot,
     List<Library>? libraries,
     Map<Uri, Source>? uriToSource,
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ class Location {
   final int line; // 1-based.
   final int column; // 1-based.
 
-  Location(this.file, this.line, this.column);
+  new(this.file, this.line, this.column);
 
   @override
   String toString() => '$file:$line:$column';
@@ -216,9 +216,9 @@ class Source {
 
   String? cachedText;
 
-  Source(this.lineStarts, this.source, this.importUri, this.fileUri);
+  new(this.lineStarts, this.source, this.importUri, this.fileUri);
 
-  Source.emptySource(this.lineStarts, this.importUri, this.fileUri)
+  new emptySource(this.lineStarts, this.importUri, this.fileUri)
     : source = _emptySource;
 
   /// Return the text corresponding to [line] which is a 1-based line
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/constants.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/constants.dart
index 8716911f980..90a1442478b 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/constants.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/constants.dart
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ abstract class AuxiliaryConstant extends Constant {
 sealed class PrimitiveConstant<T> extends Constant {
   final T value;
 
-  PrimitiveConstant(this.value);
+  new(this.value);
 
   @override
   int get hashCode => value.hashCode;
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ sealed class PrimitiveConstant<T> extends Constant {
 }
 
 class NullConstant extends PrimitiveConstant<Null> {
-  NullConstant() : super(null);
+  new() : super(null);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {}
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ class NullConstant extends PrimitiveConstant<Null> {
 }
 
 class BoolConstant extends PrimitiveConstant<bool> {
-  BoolConstant(bool value) : super(value);
+  new(bool value) : super(value);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {}
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ class BoolConstant extends PrimitiveConstant<bool> {
 
 /// An integer constant on a non-JS target.
 class IntConstant extends PrimitiveConstant<int> {
-  IntConstant(int value) : super(value);
+  new(int value) : super(value);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {}
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ class IntConstant extends PrimitiveConstant<int> {
 
 /// A double constant on a non-JS target or any numeric constant on a JS target.
 class DoubleConstant extends PrimitiveConstant<double> {
-  DoubleConstant(double value) : super(value);
+  new(double value) : super(value);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {}
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ class DoubleConstant extends PrimitiveConstant<double> {
 }
 
 class StringConstant extends PrimitiveConstant<String> {
-  StringConstant(String value) : super(value);
+  new(String value) : super(value);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {}
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ class SymbolConstant extends Constant {
   final String name;
   final Reference? libraryReference;
 
-  SymbolConstant(this.name, this.libraryReference);
+  new(this.name, this.libraryReference);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {}
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ class MapConstant extends Constant {
   final DartType valueType;
   final List<ConstantMapEntry> entries;
 
-  MapConstant(this.keyType, this.valueType, this.entries);
+  new(this.keyType, this.valueType, this.entries);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ class MapConstant extends Constant {
 class ConstantMapEntry {
   final Constant key;
   final Constant value;
-  ConstantMapEntry(this.key, this.value);
+  new(this.key, this.value);
 
   @override
   String toString() => 'ConstantMapEntry(${toStringInternal()})';
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ class ListConstant extends Constant {
   final DartType typeArgument;
   final List<Constant> entries;
 
-  ListConstant(this.typeArgument, this.entries);
+  new(this.typeArgument, this.entries);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ class SetConstant extends Constant {
   final DartType typeArgument;
   final List<Constant> entries;
 
-  SetConstant(this.typeArgument, this.entries);
+  new(this.typeArgument, this.entries);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ class RecordConstant extends Constant {
   ///   }
   final RecordType recordType;
 
-  RecordConstant(this.positional, this.named, this.recordType)
+  new(this.positional, this.named, this.recordType)
     : assert(
         positional.length == recordType.positional.length &&
             named.length == recordType.named.length &&
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ class RecordConstant extends Constant {
         "${named.keys.join(", ")}",
       );
 
-  RecordConstant.fromTypeContext(
+  new fromTypeContext(
     this.positional,
     this.named,
     StaticTypeContext staticTypeContext,
@@ -677,7 +677,7 @@ class InstanceConstant extends Constant {
   final List<DartType> typeArguments;
   final Map<Reference, Constant> fieldValues;
 
-  InstanceConstant(this.classReference, this.typeArguments, this.fieldValues);
+  new(this.classReference, this.typeArguments, this.fieldValues);
 
   Class get classNode => classReference.asClass;
 
@@ -753,7 +753,7 @@ class InstantiationConstant extends Constant {
   final Constant tearOffConstant;
   final List<DartType> types;
 
-  InstantiationConstant(this.tearOffConstant, this.types);
+  new(this.tearOffConstant, this.types);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {
@@ -815,7 +815,7 @@ class StaticTearOffConstant extends Constant implements TearOffConstant {
   @override
   final Reference targetReference;
 
-  StaticTearOffConstant(Procedure target)
+  new(Procedure target)
     : assert(target.isStatic),
       assert(
         target.kind == ProcedureKind.Method,
@@ -823,7 +823,7 @@ class StaticTearOffConstant extends Constant implements TearOffConstant {
       ),
       targetReference = target.reference;
 
-  StaticTearOffConstant.byReference(this.targetReference);
+  new byReference(this.targetReference);
 
   @override
   Procedure get target => targetReference.asProcedure;
@@ -878,14 +878,14 @@ class ConstructorTearOffConstant extends Constant implements TearOffConstant {
   @override
   final Reference targetReference;
 
-  ConstructorTearOffConstant(Member target)
+  new(Member target)
     : assert(
         target is Constructor || (target is Procedure && target.isFactory),
         "Unexpected constructor tear off target: $target",
       ),
       this.targetReference = getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target);
 
-  ConstructorTearOffConstant.byReference(this.targetReference);
+  new byReference(this.targetReference);
 
   @override
   Member get target => targetReference.asMember;
@@ -941,11 +941,11 @@ class RedirectingFactoryTearOffConstant extends Constant
   @override
   final Reference targetReference;
 
-  RedirectingFactoryTearOffConstant(Procedure target)
+  new(Procedure target)
     : assert(target.isRedirectingFactory),
       this.targetReference = getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target);
 
-  RedirectingFactoryTearOffConstant.byReference(this.targetReference);
+  new byReference(this.targetReference);
 
   @override
   Procedure get target => targetReference.asProcedure;
@@ -1006,7 +1006,7 @@ class TypedefTearOffConstant extends Constant {
   @override
   late final int hashCode = _computeHashCode();
 
-  TypedefTearOffConstant(this.parameters, this.tearOffConstant, this.types);
+  new(this.parameters, this.tearOffConstant, this.types);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {
@@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ class TypedefTearOffConstant extends Constant {
 class TypeLiteralConstant extends Constant {
   final DartType type;
 
-  TypeLiteralConstant(this.type);
+  new(this.type);
 
   @override
   void visitChildren(Visitor v) {
@@ -1153,7 +1153,7 @@ class TypeLiteralConstant extends Constant {
 class UnevaluatedConstant extends Constant {
   final Expression expression;
 
-  UnevaluatedConstant(this.expression) {
+  new(this.expression) {
     expression.parent = null;
   }
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/declarations.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/declarations.dart
index 45ed2ebc110..e7525374688 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/declarations.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/declarations.dart
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ class Class extends NamedNode implements TypeDeclaration {
     _proceduresView = null;
   }
 
-  Class({
+  new({
     required this.name,
     bool isAbstract = false,
     bool isAnonymousMixin = false,
@@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ class Extension extends NamedNode
     node.parent = this;
   }
 
-  Extension({
+  new({
     required this.name,
     List<TypeParameter>? typeParameters,
     DartType? onType,
@@ -789,7 +789,7 @@ class ExtensionMemberDescriptor {
   /// off, if any.
   final Reference? tearOffReference;
 
-  ExtensionMemberDescriptor({
+  new({
     required this.name,
     required this.kind,
     bool isStatic = false,
@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ class ExtensionTypeDeclaration extends NamedNode implements TypeDeclaration {
     node.parent = this;
   }
 
-  ExtensionTypeDeclaration({
+  new({
     required this.name,
     List<TypeParameter>? typeParameters,
     DartType? declaredRepresentationType,
@@ -1104,7 +1104,7 @@ class ExtensionTypeMemberDescriptor {
   /// declaration member tear off, if any.
   final Reference? tearOffReference;
 
-  ExtensionTypeMemberDescriptor({
+  new({
     required this.name,
     required this.kind,
     bool isStatic = false,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/expressions.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/expressions.dart
index a7569d8f12c..d2a4f164065 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/expressions.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/expressions.dart
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ class InvalidExpression extends Expression {
   /// The expression containing the error.
   Expression? expression;
 
-  InvalidExpression(this.message, [this.expression]) {
+  new(this.message, [this.expression]) {
     expression?.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ class VariableGet extends Expression {
   /// Null if not promoted.
   DartType? promotedType;
 
-  VariableGet(this.variable, [this.promotedType]);
+  new(this.variable, [this.promotedType]);
 
   @override
   DartType getStaticType(StaticTypeContext context) =>
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ class VariableSet extends Expression {
 
   Expression value;
 
-  VariableSet(this.variable, this.value) {
+  new(this.variable, this.value) {
     value.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ class RecordIndexGet extends Expression {
   RecordType receiverType;
   final int index;
 
-  RecordIndexGet(this.receiver, this.receiverType, this.index)
+  new(this.receiver, this.receiverType, this.index)
     : assert(0 <= index && index < receiverType.positional.length) {
     receiver.parent = this;
   }
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ class RecordNameGet extends Expression {
   RecordType receiverType;
   final String name;
 
-  RecordNameGet(this.receiver, this.receiverType, this.name)
+  new(this.receiver, this.receiverType, this.name)
     : assert(
         receiverType.named
                 .singleWhere((element) => element.name == name)
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ class DynamicGet extends Expression {
   Expression receiver;
   Name name;
 
-  DynamicGet(this.kind, this.receiver, this.name) {
+  new(this.kind, this.receiver, this.name) {
     receiver.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ class InstanceGet extends Expression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  InstanceGet(
+  new(
     InstanceAccessKind kind,
     Expression receiver,
     Name name, {
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ class InstanceGet extends Expression {
          resultType: resultType,
        );
 
-  InstanceGet.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.kind,
     this.receiver,
     this.name, {
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ class InstanceGet extends Expression {
 class FunctionTearOff extends Expression {
   Expression receiver;
 
-  FunctionTearOff(this.receiver) {
+  new(this.receiver) {
     receiver.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ class InstanceTearOff extends Expression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  InstanceTearOff(
+  new(
     InstanceAccessKind kind,
     Expression receiver,
     Name name, {
@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ class InstanceTearOff extends Expression {
          resultType: resultType,
        );
 
-  InstanceTearOff.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.kind,
     this.receiver,
     this.name, {
@@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ class DynamicSet extends Expression {
   Name name;
   Expression value;
 
-  DynamicSet(this.kind, this.receiver, this.name, this.value) {
+  new(this.kind, this.receiver, this.name, this.value) {
     receiver.parent = this;
     value.parent = this;
   }
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ class InstanceSet extends Expression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  InstanceSet(
+  new(
     InstanceAccessKind kind,
     Expression receiver,
     Name name,
@@ -901,7 +901,7 @@ class InstanceSet extends Expression {
          ),
        );
 
-  InstanceSet.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.kind,
     this.receiver,
     this.name,
@@ -1004,21 +1004,14 @@ class AbstractSuperPropertyGet extends Expression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  AbstractSuperPropertyGet(
-    Expression receiver,
-    Name name,
-    Member interfaceTarget,
-  ) : this.byReference(
+  new(Expression receiver, Name name, Member interfaceTarget)
+    : this.byReference(
         receiver,
         name,
         getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(interfaceTarget),
       );
 
-  AbstractSuperPropertyGet.byReference(
-    this.receiver,
-    this.name,
-    this.interfaceTargetReference,
-  ) {
+  new byReference(this.receiver, this.name, this.interfaceTargetReference) {
     receiver.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -1090,18 +1083,14 @@ class SuperPropertyGet extends Expression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  SuperPropertyGet(Expression receiver, Name name, Member interfaceTarget)
+  new(Expression receiver, Name name, Member interfaceTarget)
     : this.byReference(
         receiver,
         name,
         getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(interfaceTarget),
       );
 
-  SuperPropertyGet.byReference(
-    this.receiver,
-    this.name,
-    this.interfaceTargetReference,
-  ) {
+  new byReference(this.receiver, this.name, this.interfaceTargetReference) {
     receiver.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -1196,19 +1185,15 @@ class AbstractSuperPropertySet extends Expression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  AbstractSuperPropertySet(
-    Expression receiver,
-    Name name,
-    Expression value,
-    Member interfaceTarget,
-  ) : this.byReference(
+  new(Expression receiver, Name name, Expression value, Member interfaceTarget)
+    : this.byReference(
         receiver,
         name,
         value,
         getNonNullableMemberReferenceSetter(interfaceTarget),
       );
 
-  AbstractSuperPropertySet.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.receiver,
     this.name,
     this.value,
@@ -1285,19 +1270,15 @@ class SuperPropertySet extends Expression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  SuperPropertySet(
-    Expression receiver,
-    Name name,
-    Expression value,
-    Member interfaceTarget,
-  ) : this.byReference(
+  new(Expression receiver, Name name, Expression value, Member interfaceTarget)
+    : this.byReference(
         receiver,
         name,
         value,
         getNonNullableMemberReferenceSetter(interfaceTarget),
       );
 
-  SuperPropertySet.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.receiver,
     this.name,
     this.value,
@@ -1367,11 +1348,11 @@ class StaticGet extends Expression {
   /// A static field, getter, or method (for tear-off).
   Reference targetReference;
 
-  StaticGet(Member target)
+  new(Member target)
     : assert(target is Field || (target is Procedure && target.isGetter)),
       this.targetReference = getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target);
 
-  StaticGet.byReference(this.targetReference);
+  new byReference(this.targetReference);
 
   Member get target => targetReference.asMember;
 
@@ -1416,7 +1397,7 @@ class StaticGet extends Expression {
 class StaticTearOff extends Expression {
   Reference targetReference;
 
-  StaticTearOff(Procedure target)
+  new(Procedure target)
     : assert(target.isStatic, "Unexpected static tear off target: $target"),
       assert(
         target.kind == ProcedureKind.Method,
@@ -1424,7 +1405,7 @@ class StaticTearOff extends Expression {
       ),
       this.targetReference = getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target);
 
-  StaticTearOff.byReference(this.targetReference);
+  new byReference(this.targetReference);
 
   Procedure get target => targetReference.asProcedure;
 
@@ -1473,10 +1454,10 @@ class StaticSet extends Expression {
   Reference targetReference;
   Expression value;
 
-  StaticSet(Member target, Expression value)
+  new(Member target, Expression value)
     : this.byReference(getNonNullableMemberReferenceSetter(target), value);
 
-  StaticSet.byReference(this.targetReference, this.value) {
+  new byReference(this.targetReference, this.value) {
     value.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -1535,22 +1516,19 @@ class Arguments extends TreeNode {
   final List<Expression> positional;
   List<NamedExpression> named;
 
-  Arguments(
-    this.positional, {
-    List<DartType>? types,
-    List<NamedExpression>? named,
-  }) : this.types = types ?? <DartType>[],
-       this.named = named ?? <NamedExpression>[] {
+  new(this.positional, {List<DartType>? types, List<NamedExpression>? named})
+    : this.types = types ?? <DartType>[],
+      this.named = named ?? <NamedExpression>[] {
     setParents(this.positional, this);
     setParents(this.named, this);
   }
 
-  Arguments.empty()
+  new empty()
     : types = <DartType>[],
       positional = <Expression>[],
       named = <NamedExpression>[];
 
-  factory Arguments.forwarded(FunctionNode function) {
+  factory forwarded(FunctionNode function) {
     return new Arguments(
       function.positionalParameters
           .map<Expression>((p) => new VariableGet(p))
@@ -1635,7 +1613,7 @@ class NamedExpression extends TreeNode {
   String name;
   Expression value;
 
-  NamedExpression(this.name, this.value) {
+  new(this.name, this.value) {
     value.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -1713,7 +1691,7 @@ class DynamicInvocation extends InstanceInvocationExpression {
 
   int flags = 0;
 
-  DynamicInvocation(this.kind, this.receiver, this.name, this.arguments) {
+  new(this.kind, this.receiver, this.name, this.arguments) {
     receiver.parent = this;
     arguments.parent = this;
   }
@@ -1884,7 +1862,7 @@ class InstanceInvocation extends InstanceInvocationExpression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  InstanceInvocation(
+  new(
     InstanceAccessKind kind,
     Expression receiver,
     Name name,
@@ -1902,7 +1880,7 @@ class InstanceInvocation extends InstanceInvocationExpression {
          functionType: functionType,
        );
 
-  InstanceInvocation.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.kind,
     this.receiver,
     this.name,
@@ -2055,7 +2033,7 @@ class InstanceGetterInvocation extends InstanceInvocationExpression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  InstanceGetterInvocation(
+  new(
     InstanceAccessKind kind,
     Expression receiver,
     Name name,
@@ -2073,7 +2051,7 @@ class InstanceGetterInvocation extends InstanceInvocationExpression {
          functionType: functionType,
        );
 
-  InstanceGetterInvocation.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.kind,
     this.receiver,
     this.name,
@@ -2260,12 +2238,7 @@ class FunctionInvocation extends InstanceInvocationExpression {
   ///
   FunctionType? functionType;
 
-  FunctionInvocation(
-    this.kind,
-    this.receiver,
-    this.arguments, {
-    required this.functionType,
-  }) {
+  new(this.kind, this.receiver, this.arguments, {required this.functionType}) {
     receiver.parent = this;
     arguments.parent = this;
   }
@@ -2354,11 +2327,7 @@ class LocalFunctionInvocation extends InvocationExpression {
   ///
   FunctionType functionType;
 
-  LocalFunctionInvocation(
-    this.variable,
-    this.arguments, {
-    required this.functionType,
-  }) {
+  new(this.variable, this.arguments, {required this.functionType}) {
     arguments.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -2420,7 +2389,7 @@ class EqualsNull extends Expression {
   /// The expression tested for nullness.
   Expression expression;
 
-  EqualsNull(this.expression) {
+  new(this.expression) {
     expression.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -2489,7 +2458,7 @@ class EqualsCall extends Expression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  EqualsCall(
+  new(
     Expression left,
     Expression right, {
     required FunctionType functionType,
@@ -2503,7 +2472,7 @@ class EqualsCall extends Expression {
          ),
        );
 
-  EqualsCall.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.left,
     this.right, {
     required this.functionType,
@@ -2608,7 +2577,7 @@ class AbstractSuperMethodInvocation extends InvocationExpression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  AbstractSuperMethodInvocation(
+  new(
     Expression receiver,
     Name name,
     Arguments arguments,
@@ -2621,7 +2590,7 @@ class AbstractSuperMethodInvocation extends InvocationExpression {
         getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(interfaceTarget),
       );
 
-  AbstractSuperMethodInvocation.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.receiver,
     this.name,
     this.arguments,
@@ -2712,7 +2681,7 @@ class SuperMethodInvocation extends InvocationExpression {
 
   Reference interfaceTargetReference;
 
-  SuperMethodInvocation(
+  new(
     Expression receiver,
     Name name,
     Arguments arguments,
@@ -2725,7 +2694,7 @@ class SuperMethodInvocation extends InvocationExpression {
         getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(interfaceTarget),
       );
 
-  SuperMethodInvocation.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.receiver,
     this.name,
     this.arguments,
@@ -2817,18 +2786,15 @@ class StaticInvocation extends InvocationExpression {
   @override
   Name get name => target.name;
 
-  StaticInvocation(
-    Procedure target,
-    Arguments arguments, {
-    bool isConst = false,
-  }) : this.byReference(
-         // An invocation doesn't refer to the setter.
-         getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target),
-         arguments,
-         isConst: isConst,
-       );
+  new(Procedure target, Arguments arguments, {bool isConst = false})
+    : this.byReference(
+        // An invocation doesn't refer to the setter.
+        getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target),
+        arguments,
+        isConst: isConst,
+      );
 
-  StaticInvocation.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.targetReference,
     this.arguments, {
     this.isConst = false,
@@ -2906,18 +2872,15 @@ class ConstructorInvocation extends InvocationExpression {
   @override
   Name get name => target.name;
 
-  ConstructorInvocation(
-    Constructor target,
-    Arguments arguments, {
-    bool isConst = false,
-  }) : this.byReference(
-         // A constructor doesn't refer to the setter.
-         getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target),
-         arguments,
-         isConst: isConst,
-       );
+  new(Constructor target, Arguments arguments, {bool isConst = false})
+    : this.byReference(
+        // A constructor doesn't refer to the setter.
+        getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target),
+        arguments,
+        isConst: isConst,
+      );
 
-  ConstructorInvocation.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.targetReference,
     this.arguments, {
     this.isConst = false,
@@ -3025,10 +2988,7 @@ class RedirectingFactoryInvocation extends Expression {
   /// The invocation of the effective target.
   InvocationExpression expression;
 
-  factory RedirectingFactoryInvocation(
-    Procedure redirectingFactoryTarget,
-    InvocationExpression expression,
-  ) {
+  factory(Procedure redirectingFactoryTarget, InvocationExpression expression) {
     assert(redirectingFactoryTarget.isRedirectingFactory);
     return new RedirectingFactoryInvocation.byReference(
       redirectingFactoryTarget.reference,
@@ -3036,10 +2996,7 @@ class RedirectingFactoryInvocation extends Expression {
     );
   }
 
-  RedirectingFactoryInvocation.byReference(
-    this.redirectingFactoryTargetReference,
-    this.expression,
-  ) {
+  new byReference(this.redirectingFactoryTargetReference, this.expression) {
     expression.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -3101,7 +3058,7 @@ class Instantiation extends Expression {
   Expression expression;
   final List<DartType> typeArguments;
 
-  Instantiation(this.expression, this.typeArguments) {
+  new(this.expression, this.typeArguments) {
     expression.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -3166,7 +3123,7 @@ class Instantiation extends Expression {
 class Not extends Expression {
   Expression operand;
 
-  Not(this.operand) {
+  new(this.operand) {
     operand.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -3233,7 +3190,7 @@ class LogicalExpression extends Expression {
   LogicalExpressionOperator operatorEnum; // AND (&&) or OR (||).
   Expression right;
 
-  LogicalExpression(this.left, this.operatorEnum, this.right) {
+  new(this.left, this.operatorEnum, this.right) {
     left.parent = this;
     right.parent = this;
   }
@@ -3298,12 +3255,7 @@ class ConditionalExpression extends Expression {
   /// The static type of the expression.
   DartType staticType;
 
-  ConditionalExpression(
-    this.condition,
-    this.then,
-    this.otherwise,
-    this.staticType,
-  ) {
+  new(this.condition, this.then, this.otherwise, this.staticType) {
     condition.parent = this;
     then.parent = this;
     otherwise.parent = this;
@@ -3385,7 +3337,7 @@ class ConditionalExpression extends Expression {
 class StringConcatenation extends Expression {
   final List<Expression> expressions;
 
-  StringConcatenation(this.expressions) {
+  new(this.expressions) {
     setParents(expressions, this);
   }
 
@@ -3451,7 +3403,7 @@ class ListConcatenation extends Expression {
   DartType typeArgument;
   final List<Expression> lists;
 
-  ListConcatenation(this.lists, {this.typeArgument = const DynamicType()}) {
+  new(this.lists, {this.typeArgument = const DynamicType()}) {
     setParents(lists, this);
   }
 
@@ -3521,7 +3473,7 @@ class SetConcatenation extends Expression {
   DartType typeArgument;
   final List<Expression> sets;
 
-  SetConcatenation(this.sets, {this.typeArgument = const DynamicType()}) {
+  new(this.sets, {this.typeArgument = const DynamicType()}) {
     setParents(sets, this);
   }
 
@@ -3592,7 +3544,7 @@ class MapConcatenation extends Expression {
   DartType valueType;
   final List<Expression> maps;
 
-  MapConcatenation(
+  new(
     this.maps, {
     this.keyType = const DynamicType(),
     this.valueType = const DynamicType(),
@@ -3672,7 +3624,7 @@ class InstanceCreation extends Expression {
   final List<AssertStatement> asserts;
   final List<Expression> unusedArguments;
 
-  InstanceCreation(
+  new(
     this.classReference,
     this.typeArguments,
     this.fieldValues,
@@ -3805,7 +3757,7 @@ class FileUriExpression extends Expression implements FileUriNode {
 
   Expression expression;
 
-  FileUriExpression(this.expression, this.fileUri) {
+  new(this.expression, this.fileUri) {
     expression.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -3870,7 +3822,7 @@ class IsExpression extends Expression {
   Expression operand;
   DartType type;
 
-  IsExpression(this.operand, this.type) {
+  new(this.operand, this.type) {
     operand.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -3931,7 +3883,7 @@ class AsExpression extends Expression {
   Expression operand;
   DartType type;
 
-  AsExpression(this.operand, this.type) {
+  new(this.operand, this.type) {
     operand.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -4072,7 +4024,7 @@ class AsExpression extends Expression {
 class NullCheck extends Expression {
   Expression operand;
 
-  NullCheck(this.operand) {
+  new(this.operand) {
     operand.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -4141,7 +4093,7 @@ class StringLiteral extends BasicLiteral {
   @override
   String value;
 
-  StringLiteral(this.value);
+  new(this.value);
 
   @override
   DartType getStaticType(StaticTypeContext context) =>
@@ -4179,7 +4131,7 @@ class IntLiteral extends BasicLiteral {
   @override
   int value;
 
-  IntLiteral(this.value);
+  new(this.value);
 
   @override
   DartType getStaticType(StaticTypeContext context) =>
@@ -4211,7 +4163,7 @@ class DoubleLiteral extends BasicLiteral {
   @override
   double value;
 
-  DoubleLiteral(this.value);
+  new(this.value);
 
   @override
   DartType getStaticType(StaticTypeContext context) =>
@@ -4243,7 +4195,7 @@ class BoolLiteral extends BasicLiteral {
   @override
   bool value;
 
-  BoolLiteral(this.value);
+  new(this.value);
 
   @override
   DartType getStaticType(StaticTypeContext context) =>
@@ -4303,7 +4255,7 @@ class NullLiteral extends BasicLiteral {
 class SymbolLiteral extends Expression {
   String value; // Everything strictly after the '#'.
 
-  SymbolLiteral(this.value);
+  new(this.value);
 
   @override
   DartType getStaticType(StaticTypeContext context) =>
@@ -4344,7 +4296,7 @@ class SymbolLiteral extends Expression {
 class TypeLiteral extends Expression {
   DartType type;
 
-  TypeLiteral(this.type);
+  new(this.type);
 
   @override
   DartType getStaticType(StaticTypeContext context) =>
@@ -4463,7 +4415,7 @@ class Throw extends Expression {
   Expression expression;
   int flags = 0;
 
-  Throw(this.expression) {
+  new(this.expression) {
     expression.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -4531,7 +4483,7 @@ class ListLiteral extends Expression {
   DartType typeArgument; // Not null, defaults to DynamicType.
   final List<Expression> expressions;
 
-  ListLiteral(
+  new(
     this.expressions, {
     this.typeArgument = const DynamicType(),
     this.isConst = false,
@@ -4596,7 +4548,7 @@ class SetLiteral extends Expression {
   DartType typeArgument; // Not null, defaults to DynamicType.
   final List<Expression> expressions;
 
-  SetLiteral(
+  new(
     this.expressions, {
     this.typeArgument = const DynamicType(),
     this.isConst = false,
@@ -4662,7 +4614,7 @@ class MapLiteral extends Expression {
   DartType valueType; // Not null, defaults to DynamicType.
   final List<MapLiteralEntry> entries;
 
-  MapLiteral(
+  new(
     this.entries, {
     this.keyType = const DynamicType(),
     this.valueType = const DynamicType(),
@@ -4741,7 +4693,7 @@ class MapLiteralEntry extends TreeNode {
   Expression key;
   Expression value;
 
-  MapLiteralEntry(this.key, this.value) {
+  new(this.key, this.value) {
     key.parent = this;
     value.parent = this;
   }
@@ -4801,32 +4753,28 @@ class RecordLiteral extends Expression {
   final List<NamedExpression> named;
   RecordType recordType;
 
-  RecordLiteral(
-    this.positional,
-    this.named,
-    this.recordType, {
-    this.isConst = false,
-  }) : assert(
-         positional.length == recordType.positional.length &&
-             named.length == recordType.named.length &&
-             recordType.named
-                 .map((f) => f.name)
-                 .toSet()
-                 .containsAll(named.map((f) => f.name)),
-       ),
-       assert(
-         () {
-           // Assert that the named fields are sorted.
-           for (int i = 1; i < named.length; i++) {
-             if (named[i].name.compareTo(named[i - 1].name) < 0) {
-               return false;
-             }
-           }
-           return true;
-         }(),
-         "Named fields of a RecordLiterals aren't sorted lexicographically: "
-         "${named.map((f) => f.name).join(", ")}",
-       ) {
+  new(this.positional, this.named, this.recordType, {this.isConst = false})
+    : assert(
+        positional.length == recordType.positional.length &&
+            named.length == recordType.named.length &&
+            recordType.named
+                .map((f) => f.name)
+                .toSet()
+                .containsAll(named.map((f) => f.name)),
+      ),
+      assert(
+        () {
+          // Assert that the named fields are sorted.
+          for (int i = 1; i < named.length; i++) {
+            if (named[i].name.compareTo(named[i - 1].name) < 0) {
+              return false;
+            }
+          }
+          return true;
+        }(),
+        "Named fields of a RecordLiterals aren't sorted lexicographically: "
+        "${named.map((f) => f.name).join(", ")}",
+      ) {
     setParents(positional, this);
     setParents(named, this);
   }
@@ -4933,7 +4881,7 @@ class AwaitExpression extends Expression {
   /// of which the check is needed.
   DartType? runtimeCheckType;
 
-  AwaitExpression(this.operand) {
+  new(this.operand) {
     operand.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -5007,9 +4955,8 @@ extension type const LocalFunctionId(int _value) {
 class LocalFunctionIdGenerator {
   LocalFunctionId _counter;
 
-  LocalFunctionIdGenerator() : _counter = LocalFunctionId.first;
-  LocalFunctionIdGenerator.after(LocalFunctionId lastUsedId)
-    : _counter = lastUsedId + 1;
+  new() : _counter = LocalFunctionId.first;
+  new after(LocalFunctionId lastUsedId) : _counter = lastUsedId + 1;
 
   /// Generate a new id for a local function within a [Member].
   LocalFunctionId allocateId() => _counter++;
@@ -5030,7 +4977,7 @@ class FunctionExpression extends Expression implements LocalFunction {
   @override
   LocalFunctionId id = LocalFunctionId.invalid;
 
-  FunctionExpression(this.function) {
+  new(this.function) {
     function.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -5081,7 +5028,7 @@ class ConstantExpression extends Expression {
   Constant constant;
   DartType type;
 
-  ConstantExpression(this.constant, [this.type = const DynamicType()]);
+  new(this.constant, [this.type = const DynamicType()]);
 
   @override
   DartType getStaticType(StaticTypeContext context) =>
@@ -5131,7 +5078,7 @@ class FileUriConstantExpression extends ConstantExpression
   @override
   Uri fileUri;
 
-  FileUriConstantExpression(
+  new(
     Constant constant, {
     DartType type = const DynamicType(),
     required this.fileUri,
@@ -5153,7 +5100,7 @@ class Let extends Expression {
   Variable variable; // Must have an initializer.
   Expression body;
 
-  Let(this.variable, this.body) {
+  new(this.variable, this.body) {
     variable.parent = this;
     body.parent = this;
   }
@@ -5215,7 +5162,7 @@ class BlockExpression extends Expression implements ScopeProvider {
   @override
   Scope? scope;
 
-  BlockExpression(this.body, this.value) {
+  new(this.body, this.value) {
     body.parent = this;
     value.parent = this;
   }
@@ -5287,7 +5234,7 @@ class LoadLibrary extends Expression {
   /// Reference to a deferred import in the enclosing library.
   LibraryDependency import;
 
-  LoadLibrary(this.import);
+  new(this.import);
 
   @override
   DartType getStaticType(StaticTypeContext context) =>
@@ -5334,7 +5281,7 @@ class CheckLibraryIsLoaded extends Expression {
   /// Reference to a deferred import in the enclosing library.
   LibraryDependency import;
 
-  CheckLibraryIsLoaded(this.import);
+  new(this.import);
 
   @override
   DartType getStaticType(StaticTypeContext context) =>
@@ -5378,14 +5325,14 @@ class ConstructorTearOff extends Expression {
   /// The reference to the constructor being torn off.
   Reference targetReference;
 
-  ConstructorTearOff(Member target)
+  new(Member target)
     : assert(
         target is Constructor || (target is Procedure && target.isFactory),
         "Unexpected constructor tear off target: $target",
       ),
       this.targetReference = getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target);
 
-  ConstructorTearOff.byReference(this.targetReference);
+  new byReference(this.targetReference);
 
   Member get target => targetReference.asMember;
 
@@ -5438,11 +5385,11 @@ class RedirectingFactoryTearOff extends Expression {
   /// The reference to the redirecting factory constructor being torn off.
   Reference targetReference;
 
-  RedirectingFactoryTearOff(Procedure target)
+  new(Procedure target)
     : assert(target.isRedirectingFactory),
       this.targetReference = getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target);
 
-  RedirectingFactoryTearOff.byReference(this.targetReference);
+  new byReference(this.targetReference);
 
   Procedure get target => targetReference.asProcedure;
 
@@ -5491,11 +5438,7 @@ class TypedefTearOff extends Expression {
   Expression expression;
   final List<DartType> typeArguments;
 
-  TypedefTearOff(
-    this.structuralParameters,
-    this.expression,
-    this.typeArguments,
-  ) {
+  new(this.structuralParameters, this.expression, this.typeArguments) {
     expression.parent = this;
   }
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/functions.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/functions.dart
index 143ccb6adaf..f617164e0f2 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/functions.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/functions.dart
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class FunctionNode extends TreeNode implements ScopeProvider, ContextConsumer {
     _body = body;
   }
 
-  FunctionNode(
+  new(
     this._body, {
     List<TypeParameter>? typeParameters,
     List<Variable>? positionalParameters,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/helpers.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/helpers.dart
index 87073d838c0..3b9afaa32d0 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/helpers.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/helpers.dart
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class DirtifyingList<E> extends ListBase<E> {
   final Class dirtifyClass;
   final List<E> wrapped;
 
-  DirtifyingList(this.dirtifyClass, this.wrapped);
+  new(this.dirtifyClass, this.wrapped);
 
   @override
   int get length {
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class _ChildReplacer extends Transformer {
   final TreeNode child;
   final TreeNode replacement;
 
-  _ChildReplacer(this.child, this.replacement);
+  new(this.child, this.replacement);
 
   @override
   TreeNode defaultTreeNode(TreeNode node) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/initializers.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/initializers.dart
index d77d576d38b..2865cf64652 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/initializers.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/initializers.dart
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class InvalidInitializer extends Initializer {
   final String message;
   int flags = 0;
 
-  InvalidInitializer(this.message);
+  new(this.message);
 
   @override
   bool get isRedirectingInitializer => flags & FlagRedirectingInitializer != 0;
@@ -118,10 +118,10 @@ class FieldInitializer extends Initializer {
   @override
   bool isSynthetic = false;
 
-  FieldInitializer(Field field, Expression value)
+  new(Field field, Expression value)
     : this.byReference(field.fieldReference, value);
 
-  FieldInitializer.byReference(this.fieldReference, this.value) {
+  new byReference(this.fieldReference, this.value) {
     value.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -184,14 +184,14 @@ class SuperInitializer extends Initializer {
   @override
   bool isSynthetic = false;
 
-  SuperInitializer(Constructor target, Arguments arguments)
+  new(Constructor target, Arguments arguments)
     : this.byReference(
         // Getter vs setter doesn't matter for constructors.
         getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target),
         arguments,
       );
 
-  SuperInitializer.byReference(this.targetReference, this.arguments) {
+  new byReference(this.targetReference, this.arguments) {
     arguments.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -256,14 +256,14 @@ class RedirectingInitializer extends Initializer {
   Reference targetReference;
   Arguments arguments;
 
-  RedirectingInitializer(Constructor target, Arguments arguments)
+  new(Constructor target, Arguments arguments)
     : this.byReference(
         // Getter vs setter doesn't matter for constructors.
         getNonNullableMemberReferenceGetter(target),
         arguments,
       );
 
-  RedirectingInitializer.byReference(this.targetReference, this.arguments) {
+  new byReference(this.targetReference, this.arguments) {
     arguments.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ class RedirectingInitializer extends Initializer {
 class LocalInitializer extends Initializer {
   Variable variable;
 
-  LocalInitializer(this.variable) {
+  new(this.variable) {
     variable.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ class LocalInitializer extends Initializer {
 class AssertInitializer extends Initializer {
   AssertStatement statement;
 
-  AssertInitializer(this.statement) {
+  new(this.statement) {
     statement.parent = this;
   }
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/libraries.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/libraries.dart
index a01e1851d42..51c973c223f 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/libraries.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/libraries.dart
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class Library extends NamedNode
   List<Procedure> _procedures;
   List<Field> _fields;
 
-  Library(
+  new(
     this.importUri, {
     this.name,
     List<Expression>? annotations,
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ class LibraryDependency extends TreeNode implements Annotatable {
 
   final List<Combinator> combinators;
 
-  LibraryDependency.deferredImport(
+  new deferredImport(
     Library importedLibrary,
     String name, {
     List<Combinator>? combinators,
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ class LibraryDependency extends TreeNode implements Annotatable {
          combinators ?? <Combinator>[],
        );
 
-  LibraryDependency.import(
+  new import(
     Library importedLibrary, {
     String? name,
     List<Combinator>? combinators,
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ class LibraryDependency extends TreeNode implements Annotatable {
          combinators ?? <Combinator>[],
        );
 
-  LibraryDependency.export(
+  new export(
     Library importedLibrary, {
     List<Combinator>? combinators,
     List<Expression>? annotations,
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ class LibraryDependency extends TreeNode implements Annotatable {
          combinators ?? <Combinator>[],
        );
 
-  LibraryDependency.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.flags,
     this.annotations,
     this.importedLibraryReference,
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ class LibraryPart extends TreeNode implements Annotatable {
 
   final String partUri;
 
-  LibraryPart(this.annotations, this.partUri) {
+  new(this.annotations, this.partUri) {
     setParents(annotations, this);
   }
 
@@ -586,9 +586,9 @@ class Combinator extends TreeNode {
 
   final List<String> names;
 
-  Combinator(this.isShow, this.names);
-  Combinator.show(this.names) : isShow = true;
-  Combinator.hide(this.names) : isShow = false;
+  new(this.isShow, this.names);
+  new show(this.names) : isShow = true;
+  new hide(this.names) : isShow = false;
 
   bool get isHide => !isShow;
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/members.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/members.dart
index 76d401ef48a..cd4367711e4 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/members.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/members.dart
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ sealed class Member extends NamedNode implements Annotatable, FileUriNode {
   // TODO(asgerf): It might be worthwhile to put this on classes as well.
   int transformerFlags = 0;
 
-  Member(this.name, this.fileUri, Reference? reference) : super(reference);
+  new(this.name, this.fileUri, Reference? reference) : super(reference);
 
   /// The enclosing [TypeDeclaration] if this member a class member or an
   /// abstract extension type member.
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ class Field extends Member implements ScopeProvider {
   @override
   Scope? scope;
 
-  Field.mutable(
+  new mutable(
     Name name, {
     this.type = const DynamicType(),
     this.initializer,
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ class Field extends Member implements ScopeProvider {
     this.transformerFlags = transformerFlags;
   }
 
-  Field.immutable(
+  new immutable(
     Name name, {
     this.type = const DynamicType(),
     this.initializer,
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ class Constructor extends Member {
 
   List<Initializer> initializers;
 
-  Constructor(
+  new(
     this.function, {
     required Name name,
     bool isConst = false,
@@ -974,7 +974,7 @@ class Procedure extends Member implements GenericFunction {
   /// being null.
   FunctionType? signatureType;
 
-  Procedure(
+  new(
     Name name,
     ProcedureKind kind,
     FunctionNode function, {
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ class Procedure extends Member implements GenericFunction {
          ),
        );
 
-  Procedure._byReferenceRenamed(
+  new _byReferenceRenamed(
     Name name,
     this.kind,
     this.function, {
@@ -1371,15 +1371,15 @@ class RedirectingFactoryTarget {
   /// otherwise.
   final String? errorMessage;
 
-  RedirectingFactoryTarget(Member target, List<DartType> typeArguments)
+  new(Member target, List<DartType> typeArguments)
     : this.byReference(target.reference, typeArguments);
 
-  RedirectingFactoryTarget.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     Reference this.targetReference,
     List<DartType> this.typeArguments,
   ) : errorMessage = null;
 
-  RedirectingFactoryTarget.error(String this.errorMessage)
+  new error(String this.errorMessage)
     : targetReference = null,
       typeArguments = null;
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/misc.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/misc.dart
index bc9d43cdb6b..2ee1669724e 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/misc.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/misc.dart
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ part of '../../ast.dart';
 
 /// Any type of node in the IR.
 abstract class Node {
-  const Node();
+  const new();
 
   R accept<R>(Visitor<R> v);
   R accept1<R, A>(Visitor1<R, A> v, A arg);
@@ -133,8 +133,7 @@ abstract class TreeNode extends Node {
 abstract class NamedNode extends TreeNode {
   final Reference reference;
 
-  NamedNode(Reference? reference)
-    : this.reference = reference ?? new Reference() {
+  new(Reference? reference) : this.reference = reference ?? new Reference() {
     this.reference.node = this;
   }
 
@@ -180,7 +179,7 @@ class Version extends Object {
   final int major;
   final int minor;
 
-  const Version(this.major, this.minor);
+  const new(this.major, this.minor);
 
   bool operator <(Version other) {
     if (major < other.major) return true;
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/names.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/names.dart
index 9f72f5d31bb..ec1e0ec5804 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/names.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/names.dart
@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ abstract class Name extends Node {
   Library? get library;
   bool get isPrivate;
 
-  Name._internal(this.hashCode, this.text);
+  new _internal(this.hashCode, this.text);
 
-  factory Name(String text, [Library? library]) =>
+  factory(String text, [Library? library]) =>
       new Name.byReference(text, library?.reference);
 
-  factory Name.byReference(String text, Reference? libraryName) {
+  factory byReference(String text, Reference? libraryName) {
     /// Use separate subclasses for the public and private case to save memory
     /// for public names.
     if (text.startsWith('_')) {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class _PrivateName extends Name {
   @override
   bool get isPrivate => true;
 
-  _PrivateName(String text, Reference libraryReference)
+  new(String text, Reference libraryReference)
     : this.libraryReference = libraryReference,
       super._internal(_computeHashCode(text, libraryReference), text);
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class _PublicName extends Name {
   @override
   bool get isPrivate => false;
 
-  _PublicName(String text) : super._internal(text.hashCode, text);
+  new(String text) : super._internal(text.hashCode, text);
 
   @override
   String toString() => toStringInternal();
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/patterns.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/patterns.dart
index 647c08fb5a0..9a0800c5a9c 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/patterns.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/patterns.dart
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class ConstantPattern extends Pattern {
   /// This is set during constant evaluation.
   Constant? value;
 
-  ConstantPattern(this.expression) {
+  new(this.expression) {
     expression.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ class AndPattern extends Pattern {
     ...right.declaredVariables,
   ];
 
-  AndPattern(this.left, this.right) {
+  new(this.left, this.right) {
     left.parent = this;
     right.parent = this;
   }
@@ -163,11 +163,8 @@ class OrPattern extends Pattern {
   @override
   List<Variable> get declaredVariables => orPatternJointVariables;
 
-  OrPattern(
-    this.left,
-    this.right, {
-    required List<Variable> orPatternJointVariables,
-  }) : orPatternJointVariables = orPatternJointVariables {
+  new(this.left, this.right, {required List<Variable> orPatternJointVariables})
+    : orPatternJointVariables = orPatternJointVariables {
     left.parent = this;
     right.parent = this;
   }
@@ -215,7 +212,7 @@ class CastPattern extends Pattern {
   Pattern pattern;
   DartType type;
 
-  CastPattern(this.pattern, this.type) {
+  new(this.pattern, this.type) {
     pattern.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -267,7 +264,7 @@ class CastPattern extends Pattern {
 class NullAssertPattern extends Pattern {
   Pattern pattern;
 
-  NullAssertPattern(this.pattern) {
+  new(this.pattern) {
     pattern.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -316,7 +313,7 @@ class NullAssertPattern extends Pattern {
 class NullCheckPattern extends Pattern {
   Pattern pattern;
 
-  NullCheckPattern(this.pattern) {
+  new(this.pattern) {
     pattern.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -482,7 +479,7 @@ class ListPattern extends Pattern {
     for (Pattern pattern in patterns) ...pattern.declaredVariables,
   ];
 
-  ListPattern(this.typeArgument, this.patterns) {
+  new(this.typeArgument, this.patterns) {
     setParents(patterns, this);
   }
 
@@ -628,7 +625,7 @@ class ObjectPattern extends Pattern {
   // TODO(johnniwinther): Remove this field. It is no longer used.
   DartType? lookupType;
 
-  ObjectPattern(this.requiredType, this.fields) {
+  new(this.requiredType, this.fields) {
     setParents(fields, this);
   }
 
@@ -744,7 +741,7 @@ class RelationalPattern extends Pattern {
   /// This is set during constant evaluation.
   Constant? expressionValue;
 
-  RelationalPattern(this.kind, this.expression) {
+  new(this.kind, this.expression) {
     expression.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -820,7 +817,7 @@ class RelationalPattern extends Pattern {
 class WildcardPattern extends Pattern {
   DartType? type;
 
-  WildcardPattern(this.type);
+  new(this.type);
 
   @override
   List<Variable> get declaredVariables => const [];
@@ -916,7 +913,7 @@ class AssignedVariablePattern extends Pattern {
   /// not.
   bool hasObservableEffect = true;
 
-  AssignedVariablePattern(this.variable);
+  new(this.variable);
 
   @override
   R accept<R>(PatternVisitor<R> visitor) =>
@@ -1021,7 +1018,7 @@ class MapPattern extends Pattern {
       if (entry is! MapPatternRestEntry) ...entry.value.declaredVariables,
   ];
 
-  MapPattern(this.keyType, this.valueType, this.entries)
+  new(this.keyType, this.valueType, this.entries)
     : assert((keyType == null) == (valueType == null)) {
     setParents(entries, this);
   }
@@ -1184,7 +1181,7 @@ class NamedPattern extends Pattern {
   @override
   List<Variable> get declaredVariables => pattern.declaredVariables;
 
-  NamedPattern(this.name, this.pattern) {
+  new(this.name, this.pattern) {
     pattern.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -1272,7 +1269,7 @@ class RecordPattern extends Pattern {
     for (Pattern pattern in patterns) ...pattern.declaredVariables,
   ];
 
-  RecordPattern(this.patterns) {
+  new(this.patterns) {
     setParents(patterns, this);
   }
 
@@ -1329,7 +1326,7 @@ class VariablePattern extends Pattern {
   @override
   List<Variable> get declaredVariables => [variable];
 
-  VariablePattern(this.type, this.variable) {
+  new(this.type, this.variable) {
     variable.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -1390,7 +1387,7 @@ class VariablePattern extends Pattern {
 class RestPattern extends Pattern {
   Pattern? subPattern;
 
-  RestPattern(this.subPattern) {
+  new(this.subPattern) {
     subPattern?.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -1444,7 +1441,7 @@ class InvalidPattern extends Pattern {
   @override
   final List<Variable> declaredVariables;
 
-  InvalidPattern(this.invalidExpression, {required this.declaredVariables}) {
+  new(this.invalidExpression, {required this.declaredVariables}) {
     invalidExpression.parent = this;
     setParents(declaredVariables, this);
   }
@@ -1507,7 +1504,7 @@ class MapPatternEntry extends TreeNode {
   /// This is set during constant evaluation.
   Constant? keyValue;
 
-  MapPatternEntry(this.key, this.value) {
+  new(this.key, this.value) {
     key.parent = this;
     value.parent = this;
   }
@@ -1561,7 +1558,7 @@ class MapPatternEntry extends TreeNode {
 }
 
 class MapPatternRestEntry extends TreeNode implements MapPatternEntry {
-  MapPatternRestEntry();
+  new();
 
   @override
   Expression get key => throw new UnsupportedError('MapPatternRestEntry.key');
@@ -1685,7 +1682,7 @@ class PatternGuard extends TreeNode {
   Pattern pattern;
   Expression? guard;
 
-  PatternGuard(this.pattern, [this.guard]) {
+  new(this.pattern, [this.guard]) {
     pattern.parent = this;
     guard?.parent = this;
   }
@@ -1757,7 +1754,7 @@ class PatternSwitchCase extends TreeNode implements SwitchCase {
   // TODO(johnniwinther): Serialize this field.
   final List<int>? jointVariableFirstUseOffsets;
 
-  PatternSwitchCase(
+  new(
     this.caseOffsets,
     this.patternGuards,
     this.body, {
@@ -1862,7 +1859,7 @@ class PatternSwitchStatement extends Statement implements SwitchStatement {
   // TODO(johnniwinther): Serialize this.
   bool lastCaseTerminates = false;
 
-  PatternSwitchStatement(this.expression, this.cases) {
+  new(this.expression, this.cases) {
     expression.parent = this;
     setParents(cases, this);
   }
@@ -1948,7 +1945,7 @@ class SwitchExpressionCase extends TreeNode {
   PatternGuard patternGuard;
   Expression expression;
 
-  SwitchExpressionCase(this.patternGuard, this.expression) {
+  new(this.patternGuard, this.expression) {
     patternGuard.parent = this;
     expression.parent = this;
   }
@@ -2009,7 +2006,7 @@ class SwitchExpression extends Expression {
   /// This is set during inference.
   DartType? staticType;
 
-  SwitchExpression(this.expression, this.cases) {
+  new(this.expression, this.cases) {
     expression.parent = this;
     setParents(cases, this);
   }
@@ -2080,11 +2077,7 @@ class PatternVariableDeclaration extends Statement {
   /// This is set during inference.
   DartType? matchedValueType;
 
-  PatternVariableDeclaration(
-    this.pattern,
-    this.initializer, {
-    required this.isFinal,
-  }) {
+  new(this.pattern, this.initializer, {required this.isFinal}) {
     pattern.parent = this;
     initializer.parent = this;
   }
@@ -2145,7 +2138,7 @@ class PatternAssignment extends Expression {
   /// This is set during inference.
   DartType? matchedValueType;
 
-  PatternAssignment(this.pattern, this.expression) {
+  new(this.pattern, this.expression) {
     pattern.parent = this;
     expression.parent = this;
   }
@@ -2214,12 +2207,7 @@ class IfCaseStatement extends Statement {
   /// This is set during inference.
   DartType? matchedValueType;
 
-  IfCaseStatement(
-    this.expression,
-    this.patternGuard,
-    this.then, [
-    this.otherwise,
-  ]) {
+  new(this.expression, this.patternGuard, this.then, [this.otherwise]) {
     expression.parent = this;
     patternGuard.parent = this;
     then.parent = this;
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/statements.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/statements.dart
index b31a005212e..b53f3ef8009 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/statements.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/statements.dart
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class ExpressionStatement extends Statement {
   @override
   int get fileOffset => expression.fileOffset;
 
-  ExpressionStatement(this.expression) {
+  new(this.expression) {
     expression.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ class Block extends Statement implements ScopeProvider {
   @override
   Scope? scope;
 
-  Block(this.statements) {
+  new(this.statements) {
     // Ensure statements is mutable.
     assert(checkListIsMutable(statements, dummyStatement));
     setParents(statements, this);
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ class Block extends Statement implements ScopeProvider {
 class AssertBlock extends Statement {
   final List<Statement> statements;
 
-  AssertBlock(this.statements) {
+  new(this.statements) {
     // Ensure statements is mutable.
     assert(checkListIsMutable(statements, dummyStatement));
     setParents(statements, this);
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ class AssertStatement extends Statement {
     conditionEndOffset,
   ];
 
-  AssertStatement(
+  new(
     this.condition, {
     this.message,
     required this.conditionStartOffset,
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ class AssertStatement extends Statement {
 class LabeledStatement extends Statement {
   late Statement body;
 
-  LabeledStatement(Statement? body) {
+  new(Statement? body) {
     if (body != null) {
       this.body = body..parent = this;
     }
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ class LabeledStatement extends Statement {
 class BreakStatement extends Statement {
   LabeledStatement target;
 
-  BreakStatement(this.target);
+  new(this.target);
 
   @override
   R accept<R>(StatementVisitor<R> v) => v.visitBreakStatement(this);
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ class WhileStatement extends Statement implements LoopStatement, ScopeProvider {
   @override
   Scope? scope;
 
-  WhileStatement(this.condition, this.body) {
+  new(this.condition, this.body) {
     condition.parent = this;
     body.parent = this;
   }
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ class DoStatement extends Statement implements LoopStatement {
 
   Expression condition;
 
-  DoStatement(this.body, this.condition) {
+  new(this.body, this.condition) {
     body.parent = this;
     condition.parent = this;
   }
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ class ForStatement extends Statement implements LoopStatement, ScopeProvider {
   @override
   Scope? scope;
 
-  ForStatement(this.variables, this.condition, this.updates, this.body) {
+  new(this.variables, this.condition, this.updates, this.body) {
     setParents(variables, this);
     condition?.parent = this;
     setParents(updates, this);
@@ -650,12 +650,7 @@ class ForInStatement extends Statement implements LoopStatement, ScopeProvider {
   @override
   Scope? scope;
 
-  ForInStatement(
-    this.variable,
-    this.iterable,
-    this.body, {
-    this.isAsync = false,
-  }) {
+  new(this.variable, this.iterable, this.body, {this.isAsync = false}) {
     variable.parent = this;
     iterable.parent = this;
     body.parent = this;
@@ -823,11 +818,7 @@ class SwitchStatement extends Statement {
   /// This is set during inference.
   DartType? expressionTypeInternal;
 
-  SwitchStatement(
-    this.expression,
-    this.cases, {
-    this.isExplicitlyExhaustive = false,
-  }) {
+  new(this.expression, this.cases, {this.isExplicitlyExhaustive = false}) {
     expression.parent = this;
     setParents(cases, this);
   }
@@ -924,7 +915,7 @@ class SwitchCase extends TreeNode {
   late Statement body;
   bool isDefault;
 
-  SwitchCase(
+  new(
     this.expressions,
     this.expressionOffsets,
     Statement? body, {
@@ -936,7 +927,7 @@ class SwitchCase extends TreeNode {
     }
   }
 
-  SwitchCase.defaultCase(Statement? body)
+  new defaultCase(Statement? body)
     : isDefault = true,
       expressions = <Expression>[],
       expressionOffsets = <int>[] {
@@ -1021,7 +1012,7 @@ class SwitchCase extends TreeNode {
 class ContinueSwitchStatement extends Statement {
   SwitchCase target;
 
-  ContinueSwitchStatement(this.target);
+  new(this.target);
 
   @override
   R accept<R>(StatementVisitor<R> v) => v.visitContinueSwitchStatement(this);
@@ -1057,7 +1048,7 @@ class IfStatement extends Statement {
   Statement then;
   Statement? otherwise;
 
-  IfStatement(this.condition, this.then, this.otherwise) {
+  new(this.condition, this.then, this.otherwise) {
     condition.parent = this;
     then.parent = this;
     otherwise?.parent = this;
@@ -1122,7 +1113,7 @@ class IfStatement extends Statement {
 class ReturnStatement extends Statement {
   Expression? expression; // May be null.
 
-  ReturnStatement([this.expression]) {
+  new([this.expression]) {
     expression?.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -1175,7 +1166,7 @@ class TryCatch extends Statement {
   List<Catch> catches;
   bool isSynthetic;
 
-  TryCatch(this.body, this.catches, {this.isSynthetic = false}) {
+  new(this.body, this.catches, {this.isSynthetic = false}) {
     body.parent = this;
     setParents(catches, this);
   }
@@ -1232,7 +1223,7 @@ class Catch extends TreeNode implements ScopeProvider {
   @override
   Scope? scope;
 
-  Catch(
+  new(
     this.exception,
     this.body, {
     this.guard = const DynamicType(),
@@ -1349,7 +1340,7 @@ class TryFinally extends Statement {
   Statement body;
   Statement finalizer;
 
-  TryFinally(this.body, this.finalizer) {
+  new(this.body, this.finalizer) {
     body.parent = this;
     finalizer.parent = this;
   }
@@ -1405,7 +1396,7 @@ class YieldStatement extends Statement {
   Expression expression;
   int flags = 0;
 
-  YieldStatement(this.expression, {bool isYieldStar = false}) {
+  new(this.expression, {bool isYieldStar = false}) {
     expression.parent = this;
     this.isYieldStar = isYieldStar;
   }
@@ -1464,7 +1455,7 @@ class VariableStatement extends Statement {
   /// The declared variable.
   VariableDeclaration declaration;
 
-  VariableStatement(this.declaration) {
+  new(this.declaration) {
     declaration.parent = this;
   }
 
@@ -1517,7 +1508,7 @@ class FunctionDeclaration extends Statement implements LocalFunction {
   @override
   LocalFunctionId id = LocalFunctionId.invalid;
 
-  FunctionDeclaration(this.variable, this.function) {
+  new(this.variable, this.function) {
     variable.parent = this;
     function.parent = this;
   }
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/typedefs.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/typedefs.dart
index 3a3915779c8..69df4458699 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/typedefs.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/typedefs.dart
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class Typedef extends NamedNode
   // TODO(johnniwinther): Make this non-nullable.
   DartType? type;
 
-  Typedef(
+  new(
     this.name,
     this.type, {
     Reference? reference,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/types.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/types.dart
index 06b17128014..5759a41c6b7 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/types.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/types.dart
@@ -60,11 +60,8 @@ abstract interface class TypeParameter implements TreeNode, Annotatable {
 
   static const int legacyCovariantSerializationMarker = 4;
 
-  factory TypeParameter([
-    String? name,
-    DartType? bound,
-    DartType? defaultType,
-  ]) = NominalParameter;
+  factory([String? name, DartType? bound, DartType? defaultType]) =
+      NominalParameter;
 
   abstract int flags;
 
@@ -161,7 +158,7 @@ class NominalParameter extends TreeNode implements TypeParameter {
   @override
   bool get isLegacyCovariant => _variance == null;
 
-  NominalParameter([this.name, DartType? bound, DartType? defaultType])
+  new([this.name, DartType? bound, DartType? defaultType])
     : bound = bound ?? TypeParameter.unsetBoundSentinel,
       defaultType = defaultType ?? TypeParameter.unsetDefaultTypeSentinel;
 
@@ -366,7 +363,7 @@ class StructuralParameter extends Node implements SharedTypeParameter {
 
   static const int legacyCovariantSerializationMarker = 4;
 
-  StructuralParameter([this.name, DartType? bound, DartType? defaultType])
+  new([this.name, DartType? bound, DartType? defaultType])
     : bound = bound ?? unsetBoundSentinel,
       defaultType = defaultType ?? unsetDefaultTypeSentinel;
 
@@ -442,10 +439,10 @@ class Supertype extends Node {
   Reference className;
   final List<DartType> typeArguments;
 
-  Supertype(Class classNode, List<DartType> typeArguments)
+  new(Class classNode, List<DartType> typeArguments)
     : this.byReference(classNode.reference, typeArguments);
 
-  Supertype.byReference(this.className, this.typeArguments);
+  new byReference(this.className, this.typeArguments);
 
   Class get classNode => className.asClass;
 
@@ -516,7 +513,7 @@ class Supertype extends Node {
 /// The `==` operator on [DartType]s compare based on type equality, not
 /// object identity.
 sealed class DartType extends Node implements SharedType {
-  const DartType();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R accept<R>(DartTypeVisitor<R> v);
@@ -665,7 +662,7 @@ sealed class TypeDeclarationType extends DartType {
 }
 
 abstract class AuxiliaryType extends DartType {
-  const AuxiliaryType();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R accept<R>(DartTypeVisitor<R> v) => v.visitAuxiliaryType(this);
@@ -682,7 +679,7 @@ abstract class AuxiliaryType extends DartType {
 /// an update whenever an experimental type (a subclass of [ExperimentalType])
 /// is added or removed in the CFE.
 sealed class ExperimentalType extends DartType {
-  const ExperimentalType();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R accept<R>(DartTypeVisitor<R> v) {
@@ -703,7 +700,7 @@ class InvalidType extends DartType implements SharedInvalidType {
   @override
   final int hashCode = 12345;
 
-  const InvalidType();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R accept<R>(DartTypeVisitor<R> v) => v.visitInvalidType(this);
@@ -756,7 +753,7 @@ class DynamicType extends DartType implements SharedDynamicType {
   @override
   final int hashCode = 54321;
 
-  const DynamicType();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R accept<R>(DartTypeVisitor<R> v) => v.visitDynamicType(this);
@@ -801,7 +798,7 @@ class VoidType extends DartType implements SharedVoidType {
   @override
   final int hashCode = 123121;
 
-  const VoidType();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R accept<R>(DartTypeVisitor<R> v) => v.visitVoidType(this);
@@ -846,11 +843,11 @@ class NeverType extends DartType {
   @override
   final Nullability declaredNullability;
 
-  const NeverType.nullable() : this.internal(Nullability.nullable);
+  const new nullable() : this.internal(Nullability.nullable);
 
-  const NeverType.nonNullable() : this.internal(Nullability.nonNullable);
+  const new nonNullable() : this.internal(Nullability.nonNullable);
 
-  const NeverType.internal(this.declaredNullability)
+  const new internal(this.declaredNullability)
     : assert(declaredNullability != Nullability.undetermined);
 
   static NeverType fromNullability(Nullability nullability) {
@@ -922,7 +919,7 @@ class NullType extends DartType implements SharedNullType {
   @override
   final int hashCode = 415324;
 
-  const NullType();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R accept<R>(DartTypeVisitor<R> v) => v.visitNullType(this);
@@ -975,7 +972,7 @@ class InterfaceType extends TypeDeclarationType {
 
   /// The [typeArguments] list must not be modified after this call. If the
   /// list is omitted, 'dynamic' type arguments are filled in.
-  InterfaceType(
+  new(
     Class classNode,
     Nullability declaredNullability, [
     List<DartType>? typeArguments,
@@ -985,7 +982,7 @@ class InterfaceType extends TypeDeclarationType {
          typeArguments ?? _defaultTypeArguments(classNode),
        );
 
-  InterfaceType.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.classReference,
     this.declaredNullability,
     this.typeArguments,
@@ -1102,7 +1099,7 @@ class FunctionType extends DartType implements SharedFunctionType {
   @override
   late final int hashCode = _computeHashCode();
 
-  FunctionType(
+  new(
     List<DartType> positionalParameters,
     this.returnType,
     this.declaredNullability, {
@@ -1338,17 +1335,14 @@ class TypedefType extends DartType {
   final Reference typedefReference;
   final List<DartType> typeArguments;
 
-  TypedefType(
-    Typedef typedef,
-    Nullability nullability, [
-    List<DartType>? typeArguments,
-  ]) : this.byReference(
-         typedef.reference,
-         nullability,
-         typeArguments ?? const <DartType>[],
-       );
+  new(Typedef typedef, Nullability nullability, [List<DartType>? typeArguments])
+    : this.byReference(
+        typedef.reference,
+        nullability,
+        typeArguments ?? const <DartType>[],
+      );
 
-  TypedefType.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.typedefReference,
     this.declaredNullability,
     this.typeArguments,
@@ -1459,7 +1453,7 @@ class FutureOrType extends DartType {
   @override
   final Nullability declaredNullability;
 
-  FutureOrType(this.typeArgument, this.declaredNullability);
+  new(this.typeArgument, this.declaredNullability);
 
   @override
   Nullability get nullability {
@@ -1539,7 +1533,7 @@ class ExtensionType extends TypeDeclarationType {
   @override
   final List<DartType> typeArguments;
 
-  ExtensionType(
+  new(
     ExtensionTypeDeclaration extensionTypeDeclaration,
     Nullability declaredNullability, [
     List<DartType>? typeArguments,
@@ -1549,7 +1543,7 @@ class ExtensionType extends TypeDeclarationType {
          typeArguments ?? _defaultTypeArguments(extensionTypeDeclaration),
        );
 
-  ExtensionType.byReference(
+  new byReference(
     this.extensionTypeDeclarationReference,
     this.declaredNullability,
     this.typeArguments,
@@ -1739,7 +1733,7 @@ class NamedType extends Node
   @override
   final bool isRequired;
 
-  const NamedType(this.name, this.type, {this.isRequired = false});
+  const new(this.name, this.type, {this.isRequired = false});
 
   @override
   String get nameShared => name;
@@ -1804,7 +1798,7 @@ class IntersectionType extends DartType {
   final TypeParameterType left;
   final DartType right;
 
-  IntersectionType(this.left, this.right) {
+  new(this.left, this.right) {
     // TODO(cstefantsova): Also assert that [rhs] is a subtype of [lhs.bound].
 
     Nullability leftNullability = left.nullability;
@@ -2114,14 +2108,14 @@ class TypeParameterType extends DartType implements TypeParameterTypeInterface {
   @override
   final TypeParameter parameter;
 
-  TypeParameterType(this.parameter, this.declaredNullability);
+  new(this.parameter, this.declaredNullability);
 
   /// Creates a type parameter type with default nullability.
   ///
   /// The nullability is computed as if the programmer omitted the modifier.
   /// Either `Nullability.nonNullable` or `Nullability.undetermined` will be
   /// used, depending on the nullability of the bound of [parameter].
-  TypeParameterType.withDefaultNullability(this.parameter)
+  new withDefaultNullability(this.parameter)
     : declaredNullability = parameter.computeNullabilityFromBound();
 
   @override
@@ -2204,14 +2198,14 @@ class StructuralParameterType extends DartType {
 
   final StructuralParameter parameter;
 
-  StructuralParameterType(this.parameter, this.declaredNullability);
+  new(this.parameter, this.declaredNullability);
 
   /// Creates a structural parameter type with default nullability.
   ///
   /// The nullability is computed as if the programmer omitted the modifier.
   /// Either [Nullability.nonNullable] or [Nullability.undetermined] will be
   /// used, depending on the nullability of the bound of [parameter].
-  StructuralParameterType.withDefaultNullability(this.parameter)
+  new withDefaultNullability(this.parameter)
     : declaredNullability = parameter.computeNullabilityFromBound();
 
   @override
@@ -2307,7 +2301,7 @@ class RecordType extends DartType implements SharedRecordType {
   @override
   final Nullability declaredNullability;
 
-  RecordType(this.positional, this.named, this.declaredNullability)
+  new(this.positional, this.named, this.declaredNullability)
     : /*TODO(johnniwinther): Enabled this assert:
         assert(named.length == named.map((p) => p.name).toSet().length,
             "Named field types must have unique names in a RecordType: "
@@ -2455,7 +2449,7 @@ class TypeVariable extends VariableBase {
   @override
   late VariableContext context;
 
-  TypeVariable({this.cosmeticName, required this.parameter});
+  new({this.cosmeticName, required this.parameter});
 
   @override
   void addAnnotation(Expression annotation) {
@@ -2518,10 +2512,7 @@ class FunctionTypeParameterType extends ExperimentalType
   @override
   Nullability declaredNullability;
 
-  FunctionTypeParameterType({
-    required this.variable,
-    required this.declaredNullability,
-  });
+  new({required this.variable, required this.declaredNullability});
 
   @override
   TypeParameter get parameter => variable.parameter;
@@ -2593,7 +2584,7 @@ class ClassTypeParameterType extends ExperimentalType
   @override
   Nullability declaredNullability;
 
-  ClassTypeParameterType({
+  new({
     required this.thisVariable,
     required this.parameter,
     required this.declaredNullability,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/variables.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/variables.dart
index dcab88d8cb6..05ca3ca0040 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/variables.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/ast/variables.dart
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ sealed class Variable extends VariableBase
   @override
   abstract bool isErroneouslyInitialized;
 
-  factory Variable(
+  factory(
     String? name, {
     Expression? initializer,
     DartType type,
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ sealed class Variable extends VariableBase
     bool isWildcard,
   }) = LegacyVariable;
 
-  factory Variable.forValue(
+  factory forValue(
     Expression? initializer, {
     bool isFinal,
     bool isConst,
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ sealed class Variable extends VariableBase
     DartType type,
   }) = LegacyVariable.forValue;
 
-  Variable.empty();
+  new empty();
 
   @override
   bool get hasIsFinal;
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ class LegacyVariable extends TreeNode implements Variable, Annotatable {
   @override
   Expression? initializer; // May be null.
 
-  LegacyVariable(
+  new(
     this._name, {
     this.initializer,
     this.type = const DynamicType(),
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ class LegacyVariable extends TreeNode implements Variable, Annotatable {
   }
 
   /// Creates a synthetic variable with the given expression as initializer.
-  LegacyVariable.forValue(
+  new forValue(
     this.initializer, {
     bool isFinal = true,
     bool isConst = false,
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ class LocalVariable extends Variable {
   // TODO(johnniwinther): Remove this.
   Expression? initializer;
 
-  LocalVariable({
+  new({
     this.cosmeticName,
     required DartType? type,
     bool isFinal = false,
@@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@ class LateVariable extends Variable {
   // TODO(johnniwinther): Rename to [initialValue].
   Expression? initializer;
 
-  LateVariable({
+  new({
     this.cosmeticName,
     required DartType? type,
     bool isFinal = false,
@@ -1351,7 +1351,7 @@ class CatchVariable extends Variable {
   @override
   late VariableContext context;
 
-  CatchVariable({
+  new({
     required String name,
     required DartType? type,
     bool isWildcard = false,
@@ -1651,7 +1651,7 @@ class CatchVariable extends Variable {
 sealed class FunctionParameter extends Variable {
   Expression? defaultValue;
 
-  FunctionParameter({
+  new({
     required Expression? defaultValue,
     required bool isCovariantByDeclaration,
     required bool isRequired,
@@ -1861,7 +1861,7 @@ class PositionalParameter extends FunctionParameter {
   @override
   late VariableContext context;
 
-  PositionalParameter({
+  new({
     this.cosmeticName,
     required this.type,
     super.defaultValue,
@@ -2014,7 +2014,7 @@ class NamedParameter extends FunctionParameter {
   @override
   late VariableContext context;
 
-  NamedParameter({
+  new({
     required this.parameterName,
     required this.type,
     super.defaultValue,
@@ -2170,7 +2170,7 @@ class ThisVariable extends Variable {
   @override
   late VariableContext context;
 
-  ThisVariable({required this.type}) : super.empty();
+  new({required this.type}) : super.empty();
 
   // TODO(cstefantsova): Consider a throwing implementation instead.
   @override
@@ -2458,7 +2458,7 @@ class SyntheticVariable extends Variable {
   // TODO(johnniwinther): Remove this.
   Expression? initializer;
 
-  SyntheticVariable({
+  new({
     this.cosmeticName,
     required this.type,
     this.initializer,
@@ -2740,7 +2740,7 @@ class VariableContext {
   final CaptureKind captureKind;
   final List<VariableBase> variables;
 
-  VariableContext({required this.captureKind, required this.variables});
+  new({required this.captureKind, required this.variables});
 
   void addVariable(VariableBase variable) {
     variable.context = this;
@@ -2774,7 +2774,7 @@ class VariableContext {
 class Scope {
   final List<VariableContext> contexts;
 
-  Scope({required this.contexts});
+  new({required this.contexts});
 
   void addContext(VariableContext context) {
     contexts.add(context);
@@ -2828,7 +2828,7 @@ class VariableDeclaration extends TreeNode implements ContextConsumer {
   @override
   List<VariableContext>? capturedContexts;
 
-  VariableDeclaration(this.variable) {
+  new(this.variable) {
     variable.parent = this;
     variable.variableDeclaration = this;
   }
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/bounds_checks.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/bounds_checks.dart
index 308038b1b8b..f239fc49df8 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/bounds_checks.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/bounds_checks.dart
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ class TypeVariableGraph extends Graph<int> {
   // variable with the index `i` in their bounds.
   late List<List<int>> edges;
 
-  TypeVariableGraph(this.typeParameters, this.bounds) {
+  new(this.typeParameters, this.bounds) {
     assert(typeParameters.length == bounds.length);
 
     vertices = new List<int>.filled(
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class OccurrenceCollectorVisitor implements DartTypeVisitor<void> {
   final Set<TypeParameter> typeParameters;
   Set<TypeParameter> occurred = new Set<TypeParameter>();
 
-  OccurrenceCollectorVisitor(this.typeParameters);
+  new(this.typeParameters);
 
   void visit(DartType node) => node.accept(this);
 
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ class TypeArgumentIssue {
 
   final bool isGenericTypeAsArgumentIssue;
 
-  TypeArgumentIssue(
+  new(
     this.index,
     this.argument,
     this.typeParameter,
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ class _SuperBoundedTypeInverter extends ReplacementVisitor {
   final TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment;
   bool isOutermost = true;
 
-  _SuperBoundedTypeInverter(this.typeEnvironment);
+  new(this.typeEnvironment);
 
   bool flipTop(Variance variance) {
     return variance != Variance.contravariant;
@@ -777,16 +777,14 @@ enum VarianceCalculationValue {
 
   final Variance? variance;
 
-  const VarianceCalculationValue(this.variance);
+  new(this.variance);
 
-  factory VarianceCalculationValue.fromVariance(Variance variance) =>
-      switch (variance) {
-        Variance.unrelated => VarianceCalculationValue.calculatedUnrelated,
-        Variance.covariant => VarianceCalculationValue.calculatedCovariant,
-        Variance.contravariant =>
-          VarianceCalculationValue.calculatedContravariant,
-        Variance.invariant => VarianceCalculationValue.calculatedInvariant,
-      };
+  factory fromVariance(Variance variance) => switch (variance) {
+    Variance.unrelated => VarianceCalculationValue.calculatedUnrelated,
+    Variance.covariant => VarianceCalculationValue.calculatedCovariant,
+    Variance.contravariant => VarianceCalculationValue.calculatedContravariant,
+    Variance.invariant => VarianceCalculationValue.calculatedInvariant,
+  };
 
   bool get isCalculated => variance != null;
 }
@@ -799,7 +797,7 @@ class VarianceCalculator
         > {
   final TypeParameter typeParameter;
 
-  VarianceCalculator(this.typeParameter);
+  new(this.typeParameter);
 
   @override
   VarianceCalculationValue visitAuxiliaryType(
@@ -1107,7 +1105,7 @@ bool hasGenericFunctionTypeAsTypeArgument(DartType type) {
 
 class _HasGenericFunctionTypeAsTypeArgumentVisitor
     extends DartTypeVisitor1<bool, bool> {
-  const _HasGenericFunctionTypeAsTypeArgumentVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   bool visitAuxiliaryType(AuxiliaryType node, bool isTypeArgument) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/constant_replacer.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/constant_replacer.dart
index ff1a8343725..edd8d9e76c5 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/constant_replacer.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/constant_replacer.dart
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import '../ast.dart';
 /// Replacement visitor to clone a Constant if a subnode is replaced, and
 /// otherwise returns `null`.
 class ConstantReplacer implements ConstantVisitor<Constant?> {
-  ConstantReplacer();
+  new();
   final Map<Constant, Constant?> cache = {};
 
   /// Like with Constants, `null` is used to signal that the [type] has not
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/dart_type_equivalence.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/dart_type_equivalence.dart
index 75ac09808c4..fd392261e28 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/dart_type_equivalence.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/dart_type_equivalence.dart
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class DartTypeEquivalence implements DartTypeVisitor1<bool, DartType> {
   bool _atTopLevel = true;
   List<Map<StructuralParameter, StructuralParameter>> _alphaRenamingStack = [];
 
-  DartTypeEquivalence(
+  new(
     this.coreTypes, {
     this.equateTopTypes = false,
     this.ignoreAllNullabilities = false,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/equivalence_helpers.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/equivalence_helpers.dart
index 0f851dc277d..58e9c3a71e6 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/equivalence_helpers.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/equivalence_helpers.dart
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ part of 'equivalence.dart';
 
 /// The node or property currently visited by the [EquivalenceVisitor].
 abstract class State {
-  const State();
+  const new();
 
   State? get parent;
 }
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ class NodeState extends State {
   final Node a;
   final Node b;
 
-  NodeState(this.a, this.b, [this.parent]);
+  new(this.a, this.b, [this.parent]);
 }
 
 /// State for visiting an AST property in [EquivalenceVisitor]
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class PropertyState extends State {
   final State? parent;
   final String name;
 
-  PropertyState(this.name, [this.parent]);
+  new(this.name, [this.parent]);
 }
 
 /// The state of the equivalence visitor.
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class CheckingState {
   /// If `true`, inequivalences are currently reported.
   final bool isAsserting;
 
-  CheckingState({
+  new({
     this.isAsserting = true,
     UnionFind<Reference>? assumedReferences,
     State? currentState,
@@ -149,10 +149,7 @@ class EquivalenceResult {
   final bool hasInequivalences;
   final List<Inequivalence> registeredInequivalences;
 
-  EquivalenceResult({
-    this.hasInequivalences = false,
-    required this.registeredInequivalences,
-  });
+  new({this.hasInequivalences = false, required this.registeredInequivalences});
 
   bool get isEquivalent =>
       !hasInequivalences && registeredInequivalences.isEmpty;
@@ -173,7 +170,7 @@ class Inequivalence {
   final State state;
   final String message;
 
-  Inequivalence(this.state, this.message);
+  new(this.state, this.message);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -251,12 +248,9 @@ class ReferenceName {
   final String? name;
   final String? uri;
 
-  ReferenceName.internal(this.kind, this.name, {this.parent, this.uri});
+  new internal(this.kind, this.name, {this.parent, this.uri});
 
-  factory ReferenceName.fromNamedNode(
-    NamedNode node, [
-    ReferenceNameKind? memberKind,
-  ]) {
+  factory fromNamedNode(NamedNode node, [ReferenceNameKind? memberKind]) {
     if (node is Library) {
       return new ReferenceName.internal(
         ReferenceNameKind.Library,
@@ -340,7 +334,7 @@ class ReferenceName {
     }
   }
 
-  factory ReferenceName.fromCanonicalName(CanonicalName canonicalName) {
+  factory fromCanonicalName(CanonicalName canonicalName) {
     List<CanonicalName> parents = [];
     CanonicalName? parent = canonicalName;
     while (parent != null) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/extension_type_erasure.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/extension_type_erasure.dart
index 5a08981c5be..9899587d29b 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/extension_type_erasure.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/extension_type_erasure.dart
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ DartType? rawExtensionTypeErasure(DartType type) {
 ///
 /// The visitor returns `null` if the type wasn't changed.
 class _ExtensionTypeErasure extends ReplacementVisitor {
-  const _ExtensionTypeErasure();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   DartType? visitExtensionType(ExtensionType node, Variance variance) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/find_type_visitor.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/find_type_visitor.dart
index 34b9521a1e6..7af2658a28c 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/find_type_visitor.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/find_type_visitor.dart
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import '../ast.dart';
 
 class FindTypeVisitor implements DartTypeVisitor<bool> {
-  const FindTypeVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   bool visitAuxiliaryType(AuxiliaryType node) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/future_value_type.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/future_value_type.dart
index 12e730f1c4e..00b5eb6388f 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/future_value_type.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/future_value_type.dart
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class FutureValueTypeVisitor implements DartTypeVisitor1<DartType, CoreTypes> {
   final DartTypeVisitor1AuxiliaryFunction<DartType, CoreTypes>?
   unhandledTypeHandler;
 
-  const FutureValueTypeVisitor({this.unhandledTypeHandler});
+  const new({this.unhandledTypeHandler});
 
   DartType visit(DartType node, CoreTypes coreTypes) =>
       node.accept1(this, coreTypes);
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/hierarchy_based_type_environment.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/hierarchy_based_type_environment.dart
index c3ce1a4870f..4be6361332b 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/hierarchy_based_type_environment.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/hierarchy_based_type_environment.dart
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class HierarchyBasedTypeEnvironment extends TypeEnvironment {
   @override
   final ClassHierarchy hierarchy;
 
-  HierarchyBasedTypeEnvironment(CoreTypes coreTypes, this.hierarchy)
+  new(CoreTypes coreTypes, this.hierarchy)
     : super.fromSubclass(coreTypes, hierarchy);
 
   @override
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/nnbd_top_merge.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/nnbd_top_merge.dart
index 37f578b9b7c..57e8408f5e0 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/nnbd_top_merge.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/nnbd_top_merge.dart
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ DartType? nnbdTopMerge(CoreTypes coreTypes, DartType a, DartType b) {
 class NnbdTopMergeVisitor extends MergeVisitor {
   final CoreTypes coreTypes;
 
-  NnbdTopMergeVisitor(this.coreTypes);
+  new(this.coreTypes);
 
   @override
   Nullability? mergeNullability(Nullability a, Nullability b) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/node_creator.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/node_creator.dart
index 619462992b9..8125b1af859 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/node_creator.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/node_creator.dart
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class NodeCreator {
   List<SwitchCase> _neededSwitchCases = [];
 
   /// Creates a [NodeCreator] requested to create nodes of the specified kinds.
-  NodeCreator({
+  new({
     Iterable<ExpressionKind> expressions = ExpressionKind.values,
     Iterable<StatementKind> statements = StatementKind.values,
     Iterable<DartTypeKind> dartTypes = DartTypeKind.values,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/non_null.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/non_null.dart
index 911581420a3..33ecb8227b8 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/non_null.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/non_null.dart
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ DartType computeNonNull(DartType type) {
 ///
 /// The visitor returns `null` if `NonNull(T) = T`.
 class _NonNullVisitor implements DartTypeVisitor<DartType?> {
-  const _NonNullVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   DartType? visitAuxiliaryType(AuxiliaryType node) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/norm.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/norm.dart
index c13682a6adc..e228d361e8a 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/norm.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/norm.dart
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Supertype normSupertype(CoreTypes coreTypes, Supertype supertype) {
 class _Norm extends ReplacementVisitor {
   final CoreTypes coreTypes;
 
-  _Norm(this.coreTypes);
+  new(this.coreTypes);
 
   @override
   DartType? visitInterfaceType(InterfaceType node, Variance variance) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/printer.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/printer.dart
index 91f20c42b94..24231052e37 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/printer.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/printer.dart
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class AstTextStrategy {
   /// printed. If exceeded, '...' is printed instead.
   final int? maxConstantDepth;
 
-  const AstTextStrategy({
+  const new({
     this.includeLibraryNamesInTypes = false,
     this.includeLibraryNamesInMembers = false,
     this.includeAuxiliaryProperties = false,
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class AstPrinter {
   late final Map<Variable, String> _variableDeclarationNames = {};
   late final Map<VariableBase, String> _variableNames = {};
 
-  AstPrinter(this._strategy);
+  new(this._strategy);
 
   bool get includeAuxiliaryProperties => _strategy.includeAuxiliaryProperties;
 
@@ -680,7 +680,7 @@ class AstPrinter {
 
 class MarkingAstPrinter extends AstPrinter {
   Set<TreeNode> markThis;
-  MarkingAstPrinter(super.strategy, this.markThis);
+  new(super.strategy, this.markThis);
 
   @override
   void writeStatement(Statement node) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/replacement_visitor.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/replacement_visitor.dart
index e0a38561545..0ddf6ea7604 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/replacement_visitor.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/replacement_visitor.dart
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import '../type_algebra.dart';
 /// Helper visitor that clones a type if a nested type is replaced, and
 /// otherwise returns `null`.
 class ReplacementVisitor implements DartTypeVisitor1<DartType?, Variance> {
-  const ReplacementVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   Nullability? visitNullability(DartType node) => null;
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/tool/check_equivalence.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/tool/check_equivalence.dart
index 475ea38621c..de1ded1792f 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/tool/check_equivalence.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/tool/check_equivalence.dart
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class Strategy extends EquivalenceStrategy {
   final bool unorderedConstructors;
   final bool unorderedAnnotations;
 
-  Strategy({
+  new({
     required this.unorderedLibraries,
     required this.unorderedLibraryDependencies,
     required this.unorderedAdditionalExports,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/tool/find_referenced_libraries.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/tool/find_referenced_libraries.dart
index 14824acea85..5f3e984d70f 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/tool/find_referenced_libraries.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/tool/find_referenced_libraries.dart
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class _LibraryCollector extends RecursiveVisitor {
   final bool collectViaReferencesToo;
   Set<Library> allSeenLibraries = {};
 
-  _LibraryCollector({required this.collectViaReferencesToo});
+  new({required this.collectViaReferencesToo});
 
   @override
   void defaultNode(Node node) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/types.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/types.dart
index 50aa17824c1..87ab6007b6c 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/types.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/types.dart
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class Types with StandardBounds {
   @override
   final ClassHierarchyBase hierarchy;
 
-  Types(this.hierarchy);
+  new(this.hierarchy);
 
   @override
   CoreTypes get coreTypes => hierarchy.coreTypes;
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/unaliasing.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/unaliasing.dart
index 308efda41e2..a5ef3892962 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/unaliasing.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/unaliasing.dart
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ List<DartType>? rawUnaliasTypes(List<DartType> types) {
 /// If [legacyEraseAliases] is `true`, the unaliased types will be legacy
 /// erased. This used when the [TypedefType] was used in a legacy library.
 class _Unalias extends ReplacementVisitor {
-  const _Unalias();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   DartType visitTypedefType(TypedefType node, Variance variance) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/union_find.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/union_find.dart
index 7d26dc7012f..c72939de602 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/src/union_find.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/src/union_find.dart
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ class UnionFindNode<T> {
   final T value;
   UnionFindNode<T>? parent;
 
-  UnionFindNode(this.value);
+  new(this.value);
 }
 
 class UnionFind<T> {
   final Map<T, UnionFindNode<T>> _nodeMap;
 
-  UnionFind({bool useIdentity = false})
+  new({bool useIdentity = false})
     : _nodeMap = useIdentity ? new LinkedHashMap.identity() : {};
 
   UnionFindNode<T> operator [](T value) =>
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/target/targets.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/target/targets.dart
index d9c52eb72d4..f73ad0b083a 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/target/targets.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/target/targets.dart
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class TargetFlags {
   /// by their target platform.
   final bool includeUnsupportedPlatformLibraryStubs;
 
-  const TargetFlags({
+  const new({
     this.trackCreationLocations = false,
     this.supportMirrors = true,
     this.isClosureContextLoweringEnabled = false,
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ enum NumberSemantics {
 
 // Backend specific constant evaluation behavior
 class ConstantsBackend {
-  const ConstantsBackend({this.keepLocals = true});
+  const new({this.keepLocals = true});
 
   /// Lowering of a list constant to a backend-specific representation.
   Constant lowerListConstant(ListConstant constant) => constant;
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ abstract class DartLibrarySupport {
 /// [DartLibrarySupport] that only relies on the "supported" property of
 /// the libraries specification.
 class DefaultDartLibrarySupport implements DartLibrarySupport {
-  const DefaultDartLibrarySupport();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   bool computeDartLibrarySupport(
@@ -274,10 +274,7 @@ class CustomizedDartLibrarySupport implements DartLibrarySupport {
   final Set<String> supported;
   final Set<String> unsupported;
 
-  const CustomizedDartLibrarySupport({
-    this.supported = const {},
-    this.unsupported = const {},
-  });
+  const new({this.supported = const {}, this.unsupported = const {}});
 
   @override
   bool computeDartLibrarySupport(
@@ -640,17 +637,14 @@ class NoneConstantsBackend extends ConstantsBackend {
   @override
   final bool supportsUnevaluatedConstants;
 
-  const NoneConstantsBackend({
-    required this.supportsUnevaluatedConstants,
-    super.keepLocals,
-  });
+  const new({required this.supportsUnevaluatedConstants, super.keepLocals});
 }
 
 class NoneTarget extends Target {
   @override
   final TargetFlags flags;
 
-  NoneTarget(this.flags);
+  new(this.flags);
 
   @override
   int get enabledLateLowerings => LateLowering.none;
@@ -827,7 +821,7 @@ class TestTargetFlags extends TargetFlags {
   final Set<String> supportedDartLibraries;
   final Set<String> unsupportedDartLibraries;
 
-  const TestTargetFlags({
+  const new({
     bool trackCreationLocations = false,
     this.forceLateLoweringsForTesting,
     this.forceLateLoweringSentinelForTesting,
@@ -882,7 +876,7 @@ class TestDartLibrarySupport implements DartLibrarySupport {
   final DartLibrarySupport delegate;
   final TestTargetFlags flags;
 
-  TestDartLibrarySupport(this.delegate, this.flags);
+  new(this.delegate, this.flags);
 
   @override
   bool computeDartLibrarySupport(
@@ -904,7 +898,7 @@ class TestDartLibrarySupport implements DartLibrarySupport {
 class TargetWrapper extends Target {
   final Target _target;
 
-  TargetWrapper(this._target);
+  new(this._target);
 
   @override
   TargetFlags get flags => _target.flags;
@@ -1122,7 +1116,7 @@ class TestTargetWrapper extends TargetWrapper with TestTargetMixin {
   @override
   final TestTargetFlags flags;
 
-  TestTargetWrapper(Target target, this.flags) : super(target);
+  new(Target target, this.flags) : super(target);
 }
 
 /// Extends a Target to transform outlines to meet the requirements
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/testing/type_parser.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/testing/type_parser.dart
index fe77c4895dc..366dcd91012 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/testing/type_parser.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/testing/type_parser.dart
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class ParsedNamedType extends ParsedType {
 
   final ParsedNullability parsedNullability;
 
-  ParsedNamedType(this.name, this.arguments, this.parsedNullability);
+  new(this.name, this.arguments, this.parsedNullability);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ class ParsedNamedType extends ParsedType {
 abstract class ParsedDeclaration extends ParsedType {
   final String name;
 
-  ParsedDeclaration(this.name);
+  new(this.name);
 }
 
 class ParsedClass extends ParsedDeclaration {
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class ParsedClass extends ParsedDeclaration {
   final List<ParsedType> interfaces;
   final ParsedFunctionType? callableType;
 
-  ParsedClass(
+  new(
     String name,
     this.typeVariables,
     this.supertype,
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class ParsedExtension extends ParsedDeclaration {
   final List<ParsedTypeVariable> typeVariables;
   final ParsedNamedType onType;
 
-  ParsedExtension(String name, this.typeVariables, this.onType) : super(name);
+  new(String name, this.typeVariables, this.onType) : super(name);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class ParsedTypedef extends ParsedDeclaration {
 
   final ParsedType type;
 
-  ParsedTypedef(String name, this.typeVariables, this.type) : super(name);
+  new(String name, this.typeVariables, this.type) : super(name);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ class ParsedExtensionTypeDeclaration extends ParsedDeclaration {
 
   final List<ParsedType> interfaces;
 
-  ParsedExtensionTypeDeclaration(
+  new(
     String name,
     this.typeVariables,
     this.declaredRepresentationType,
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ class ParsedFunctionType extends ParsedType {
 
   final ParsedNullability parsedNullability;
 
-  ParsedFunctionType(
+  new(
     this.typeVariables,
     this.returnType,
     this.arguments,
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ class ParsedRecordType extends ParsedType {
   final List<ParsedNamedArgument> named;
   final ParsedNullability parsedNullability;
 
-  ParsedRecordType(this.positional, this.named, this.parsedNullability);
+  new(this.positional, this.named, this.parsedNullability);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ class ParsedTypeVariable extends ParsedType {
 
   final ParsedType? bound;
 
-  ParsedTypeVariable(this.name, this.bound);
+  new(this.name, this.bound);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ class ParsedIntersectionType extends ParsedType {
 
   final ParsedType b;
 
-  ParsedIntersectionType(this.a, this.b);
+  new(this.a, this.b);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ class ParsedArguments {
   final List<ParsedType> positional;
   final List<ParsedNamedArgument> named;
 
-  ParsedArguments(this.required, this.positional, this.named)
+  new(this.required, this.positional, this.named)
     : assert(positional.isEmpty || named.isEmpty);
 
   @override
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ class ParsedNamedArgument {
   final ParsedType type;
   final String name;
 
-  ParsedNamedArgument(this.isRequired, this.type, this.name);
+  new(this.isRequired, this.type, this.name);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ class Token {
 
   Token? next;
 
-  Token(this.charOffset, this.text, {this.isIdentifier = false});
+  new(this.charOffset, this.text, {this.isIdentifier = false});
 
   bool get isEof => text == null;
 }
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ class Parser {
 
   String source;
 
-  Parser(this.peek, this.source);
+  new(this.peek, this.source);
 
   bool get atEof => peek.isEof;
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/testing/type_parser_environment.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/testing/type_parser_environment.dart
index 4609abaa5b8..3101d964aa9 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/testing/type_parser_environment.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/testing/type_parser_environment.dart
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class Env {
 
   late TypeParserEnvironment _libraryEnvironment;
 
-  Env(String source) {
+  new(String source) {
     Uri libraryUri = Uri.parse('memory:main.dart');
     Uri coreUri = Uri.parse("dart:core");
     TypeParserEnvironment coreEnvironment = new TypeParserEnvironment(
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ class TypeParserEnvironment {
   final List</* TypeParameterType | StructuralParameterType */ Object>
   pendingNullabilities = <TypeParameterType>[];
 
-  TypeParserEnvironment(this.uri, this.fileUri, [this._parent]);
+  new(this.uri, this.fileUri, [this._parent]);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ class TypeParserEnvironment {
 class _KernelFromParsedType implements Visitor<Node, TypeParserEnvironment> {
   final Map<String, DartType Function()>? additionalTypes; // Can be null.
 
-  const _KernelFromParsedType({this.additionalTypes});
+  const new({this.additionalTypes});
 
   DartType _parseType(ParsedType type, TypeParserEnvironment environment) {
     return type.accept<Node, TypeParserEnvironment>(this, environment)
@@ -860,12 +860,12 @@ class ParameterEnvironment {
   final List<TypeParameter> parameters;
   final TypeParserEnvironment environment;
 
-  const ParameterEnvironment(this.parameters, this.environment);
+  const new(this.parameters, this.environment);
 }
 
 class FunctionTypeParameterEnvironment {
   final List<StructuralParameter> parameters;
   final TypeParserEnvironment environment;
 
-  const FunctionTypeParameterEnvironment(this.parameters, this.environment);
+  const new(this.parameters, this.environment);
 }
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/text/ast_to_text.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/text/ast_to_text.dart
index fdb2431862c..2c77f743707 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/text/ast_to_text.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/text/ast_to_text.dart
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ class NormalNamer<T> extends Namer<T> {
   @override
   final String prefix;
 
-  NormalNamer(this.prefix);
+  new(this.prefix);
 }
 
 class ConstantNamer extends RecursiveVisitor with Namer<Constant> {
   @override
   final String prefix;
 
-  ConstantNamer(this.prefix);
+  new(this.prefix);
 
   @override
   String getName(Constant constant) {
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ class Printer extends VisitorDefault<void> with VisitorVoidMixin {
   static final int SYMBOL = 2;
   int state = SPACE;
 
-  Printer(
+  new(
     this.sink, {
     NameSystem? syntheticNames,
     this.showOffsets = false,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/text/text_reader.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/text/text_reader.dart
index 4d881a8c61d..82536ccb9f1 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/text/text_reader.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/text/text_reader.dart
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class TextIterator implements Iterator<Object? /* String? | TextIterator? */> {
   final String input;
   int index;
 
-  TextIterator(this.input, this.index);
+  new(this.input, this.index);
 
   // Consume spaces.
   void skipWhitespace() {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/transformations/track_widget_constructor_locations.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/transformations/track_widget_constructor_locations.dart
index f5bf065547a..375c3b54b18 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/transformations/track_widget_constructor_locations.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/transformations/track_widget_constructor_locations.dart
@@ -135,8 +135,7 @@ class _WidgetCallSiteTransformer extends Transformer {
   /// of the library.
   Library? _currentLibrary;
 
-  _WidgetCallSiteTransformer({required WidgetCreatorTracker tracker})
-    : _tracker = tracker;
+  new({required WidgetCreatorTracker tracker}) : _tracker = tracker;
 
   /// Builds a call to the const constructor of the _Location
   /// object specifying the location where a constructor call was made and
@@ -905,7 +904,7 @@ class _TrackingClasses {
   final Class locationClass;
   final String locationFieldName;
 
-  _TrackingClasses({
+  new({
     required this.hasCreationLocationClass,
     required this.locationClass,
     required this.locationFieldName,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/type_algebra.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/type_algebra.dart
index acc16fad2e7..bedb3deaf0c 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/type_algebra.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/type_algebra.dart
@@ -166,11 +166,7 @@ class FreshTypeParameters {
   /// Substitution from the original type parameters to [freshTypeArguments].
   final Substitution substitution;
 
-  FreshTypeParameters(
-    this.freshTypeParameters,
-    this.freshTypeArguments,
-    this.substitution,
-  );
+  new(this.freshTypeParameters, this.freshTypeArguments, this.substitution);
 
   DartType substitute(DartType type) => substitution.substituteType(type);
 }
@@ -254,11 +250,7 @@ class FreshStructuralParametersFromTypeParameters {
   /// Substitution from the original type parameters to [freshTypeArguments].
   final Substitution substitution;
 
-  FreshStructuralParametersFromTypeParameters(
-    this.freshTypeParameters,
-    this.freshTypeArguments,
-    this.substitution,
-  );
+  new(this.freshTypeParameters, this.freshTypeArguments, this.substitution);
 
   DartType substitute(DartType type) => substitution.substituteType(type);
 }
@@ -318,11 +310,7 @@ class FreshTypeParametersFromStructuralParameters {
   /// Substitution from the original type parameters to [freshTypeArguments].
   final FunctionTypeInstantiator instantiator;
 
-  FreshTypeParametersFromStructuralParameters(
-    this.freshTypeParameters,
-    this.freshTypeArguments,
-    this.instantiator,
-  );
+  new(this.freshTypeParameters, this.freshTypeArguments, this.instantiator);
 
   DartType substitute(DartType type) => instantiator.substitute(type);
 }
@@ -480,11 +468,7 @@ class FreshStructuralParameters {
   /// Substitution from the original type parameters to [freshTypeArguments].
   final FunctionTypeInstantiator instantiator;
 
-  FreshStructuralParameters(
-    this.freshTypeParameters,
-    this.freshTypeArguments,
-    this.instantiator,
-  );
+  new(this.freshTypeParameters, this.freshTypeArguments, this.instantiator);
 
   DartType substitute(DartType type) => instantiator.substitute(type);
 
@@ -511,7 +495,7 @@ class FreshStructuralParameters {
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 abstract class Substitution {
-  const Substitution();
+  const new();
 
   static const Substitution empty = _NullSubstitution.instance;
 
@@ -788,7 +772,7 @@ class _AllFreeTypeVariablesVisitor implements DartTypeVisitor<void> {
 class _NullSubstitution extends Substitution {
   static const _NullSubstitution instance = const _NullSubstitution();
 
-  const _NullSubstitution();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   DartType getSubstitute(TypeParameter parameter, bool upperBound) {
@@ -809,7 +793,7 @@ class _MapSubstitution extends Substitution {
   final Map<TypeParameter, DartType> upper;
   final Map<TypeParameter, DartType> lower;
 
-  _MapSubstitution(this.upper, this.lower);
+  new(this.upper, this.lower);
 
   @override
   DartType? getSubstitute(TypeParameter parameter, bool upperBound) {
@@ -824,7 +808,7 @@ class _SingletonSubstitution extends Substitution {
   final TypeParameter typeParameter;
   final DartType type;
 
-  _SingletonSubstitution(this.typeParameter, this.type);
+  new(this.typeParameter, this.type);
 
   @override
   DartType? getSubstitute(TypeParameter parameter, bool upperBound) {
@@ -838,7 +822,7 @@ class _SingletonSubstitution extends Substitution {
 class _TopSubstitutor extends _TypeSubstitutor {
   final Substitution substitution;
 
-  _TopSubstitutor(this.substitution, bool contravariant) : super(null) {
+  new(this.substitution, bool contravariant) : super(null) {
     if (contravariant) {
       invertVariance();
     }
@@ -858,7 +842,7 @@ class _TopSubstitutor extends _TypeSubstitutor {
 class _TypeDeclarationBottomSubstitution extends Substitution {
   final GenericDeclaration declaration;
 
-  _TypeDeclarationBottomSubstitution(this.declaration);
+  new(this.declaration);
 
   @override
   DartType? getSubstitute(TypeParameter parameter, bool upperBound) {
@@ -872,7 +856,7 @@ class _TypeDeclarationBottomSubstitution extends Substitution {
 class _CombinedSubstitution extends Substitution {
   final Substitution first, second;
 
-  _CombinedSubstitution(this.first, this.second);
+  new(this.first, this.second);
 
   @override
   DartType? getSubstitute(TypeParameter parameter, bool upperBound) {
@@ -887,10 +871,8 @@ class _InnerTypeSubstitutor extends _SubstitutorBase {
   final Map<StructuralParameter, DartType> substitution =
       <StructuralParameter, DartType>{};
 
-  _InnerTypeSubstitutor({
-    required _SubstitutorBase? outer,
-    required bool covariantContext,
-  }) : super(outer: outer, covariantContext: covariantContext);
+  new({required _SubstitutorBase? outer, required bool covariantContext})
+    : super(outer: outer, covariantContext: covariantContext);
 
   @override
   DartType? lookup(TypeParameter parameter, bool upperBound) {
@@ -1204,7 +1186,7 @@ abstract class _SubstitutorBase implements DartTypeVisitor<DartType> {
   /// check quickly if anything happened in a substitution.
   int useCounter = 0;
 
-  _SubstitutorBase({required this.outer, required this.covariantContext});
+  new({required this.outer, required this.covariantContext});
 
   DartType? lookup(TypeParameter parameter, bool upperBound);
 
@@ -1269,7 +1251,7 @@ abstract class _SubstitutorBase implements DartTypeVisitor<DartType> {
 }
 
 abstract class _TypeSubstitutor extends _SubstitutorBase {
-  _TypeSubstitutor(_SubstitutorBase? outer)
+  new(_SubstitutorBase? outer)
     : super(
         outer: outer,
         covariantContext: outer == null ? true : outer.covariantContext,
@@ -1467,19 +1449,15 @@ class FunctionTypeInstantiator implements DartTypeVisitor<DartType?> {
   Map<StructuralParameter, DartType> substitutionMap;
   FunctionTypeInstantiator? outer;
 
-  FunctionTypeInstantiator.fromMap(this.substitutionMap, {this.outer});
+  new fromMap(this.substitutionMap, {this.outer});
 
-  FunctionTypeInstantiator.fromIterables(
-    List<StructuralParameter> from,
-    List<DartType> to,
-  ) : this.fromMap(
+  new fromIterables(List<StructuralParameter> from, List<DartType> to)
+    : this.fromMap(
         new Map<StructuralParameter, DartType>.fromIterables(from, to),
       );
 
-  FunctionTypeInstantiator.fromInstantiation(
-    FunctionType functionType,
-    List<DartType> arguments,
-  ) : this.fromIterables(functionType.typeParameters, arguments);
+  new fromInstantiation(FunctionType functionType, List<DartType> arguments)
+    : this.fromIterables(functionType.typeParameters, arguments);
 
   static FunctionType instantiate(
     FunctionType functionType,
@@ -1775,7 +1753,7 @@ class _OccurrenceVisitor extends FindTypeVisitor {
   /// implementer of [DartType] is encountered.
   final DartTypeVisitorAuxiliaryFunction<bool>? unhandledTypeHandler;
 
-  _OccurrenceVisitor(this.variables, {this.unhandledTypeHandler});
+  new(this.variables, {this.unhandledTypeHandler});
 
   bool visit(DartType type) => type.accept(this);
 
@@ -1827,10 +1805,7 @@ class _StructuralParameterOccurrenceVisitor implements FindTypeVisitor {
   /// implementer of [DartType] is encountered.
   final DartTypeVisitorAuxiliaryFunction<bool>? unhandledTypeHandler;
 
-  _StructuralParameterOccurrenceVisitor(
-    this.variables, {
-    this.unhandledTypeHandler,
-  });
+  new(this.variables, {this.unhandledTypeHandler});
 
   bool visit(DartType node) => node.accept(this);
 
@@ -1925,7 +1900,7 @@ class _StructuralParameterOccurrenceVisitor implements FindTypeVisitor {
 class _FreeFunctionTypeVariableVisitor extends FindTypeVisitor {
   final Set<StructuralParameter> variables = new Set<StructuralParameter>();
 
-  _FreeFunctionTypeVariableVisitor();
+  new();
 
   bool visit(DartType node) => node.accept(this);
 
@@ -1946,7 +1921,7 @@ class _FreeFunctionTypeVariableVisitor extends FindTypeVisitor {
 class _FreeTypeVariableVisitor extends FindTypeVisitor {
   final Set<StructuralParameter> boundVariables;
 
-  _FreeTypeVariableVisitor({Set<StructuralParameter>? boundVariables})
+  new({Set<StructuralParameter>? boundVariables})
     : this.boundVariables = boundVariables ?? <StructuralParameter>{};
 
   bool visit(DartType type) => type.accept(this);
@@ -2006,7 +1981,7 @@ bool isPrimitiveDartType(DartType type) {
 /// to its purpose.  The reason for having a visitor is to make the need for an
 /// update visible when a new implementer of [DartType] is introduced in Kernel.
 class _PrimitiveTypeVerifier implements DartTypeVisitor<bool> {
-  const _PrimitiveTypeVerifier();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   bool visitAuxiliaryType(AuxiliaryType node) {
@@ -2095,7 +2070,7 @@ DartType unwrapNullabilityConstructor(DartType type) {
 /// Implementing the function as a visitor makes the necessity of supporting a
 /// new implementation of [DartType] visible at compile time.
 class _NullabilityConstructorUnwrapper implements DartTypeVisitor<DartType> {
-  const _NullabilityConstructorUnwrapper();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   DartType visitAuxiliaryType(AuxiliaryType node) {
@@ -2192,7 +2167,7 @@ abstract class TypeVariableEliminatorBase extends ReplacementVisitor {
   final CoreTypes coreTypes;
   late bool _isLeastClosure;
 
-  TypeVariableEliminatorBase({required this.coreTypes});
+  new({required this.coreTypes});
 
   bool containsTypeVariablesToEliminate(DartType type);
 
@@ -2287,7 +2262,7 @@ class TypeParameterEliminator extends TypeVariableEliminatorBase {
   final Set<TypeParameter> nominalEliminationTargets;
   final DartTypeVisitorAuxiliaryFunction<bool>? unhandledTypeHandler;
 
-  TypeParameterEliminator({
+  new({
     required this.structuralEliminationTargets,
     required this.nominalEliminationTargets,
     required CoreTypes coreTypes,
@@ -2332,8 +2307,7 @@ class TypeParameterEliminator extends TypeVariableEliminatorBase {
 class FreeTypeParameterEliminator extends TypeVariableEliminatorBase {
   Set<StructuralParameter> _boundVariables = <StructuralParameter>{};
 
-  FreeTypeParameterEliminator({required CoreTypes coreTypes})
-    : super(coreTypes: coreTypes);
+  new({required CoreTypes coreTypes}) : super(coreTypes: coreTypes);
 
   @override
   DartType? visitFunctionType(FunctionType node, Variance variance) {
@@ -2433,7 +2407,7 @@ bool isTypeWithoutNullabilityMarker(DartType type) {
 }
 
 class _NullabilityMarkerDetector implements DartTypeVisitor<bool> {
-  const _NullabilityMarkerDetector();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   bool visitAuxiliaryType(AuxiliaryType node) {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/type_checker.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/type_checker.dart
index 8d91a04f874..1ad9b813a70 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/type_checker.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/type_checker.dart
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ abstract class TypeChecker {
   Library? currentLibrary;
   InterfaceType? currentThisType;
 
-  TypeChecker(this.coreTypes, this.hierarchy, {this.ignoreSdk = true})
+  new(this.coreTypes, this.hierarchy, {this.ignoreSdk = true})
     : environment = new TypeEnvironment(coreTypes, hierarchy);
 
   void checkComponent(Component component) {
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ class TypeCheckingVisitor
   DartType? currentYieldType;
   AsyncMarker currentAsyncMarker = AsyncMarker.Sync;
 
-  TypeCheckingVisitor(this.checker, this.environment, this.hierarchy);
+  new(this.checker, this.environment, this.hierarchy);
 
   void checkAssignable(TreeNode where, DartType from, DartType to) {
     checker.checkAssignable(where, from, to);
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/type_environment.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/type_environment.dart
index d4a7e0ca9fa..cb9553ddecc 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/type_environment.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/type_environment.dart
@@ -20,10 +20,9 @@ abstract class TypeEnvironment extends Types {
   @override
   final CoreTypes coreTypes;
 
-  TypeEnvironment.fromSubclass(this.coreTypes, ClassHierarchyBase base)
-    : super(base);
+  new fromSubclass(this.coreTypes, ClassHierarchyBase base) : super(base);
 
-  factory TypeEnvironment(CoreTypes coreTypes, ClassHierarchy hierarchy) {
+  factory(CoreTypes coreTypes, ClassHierarchy hierarchy) {
     return new HierarchyBasedTypeEnvironment(coreTypes, hierarchy);
   }
 
@@ -596,14 +595,14 @@ class IsSubtypeOf {
 
   final DartType? supertype;
 
-  const IsSubtypeOf._internal(bool isSuccess, this.subtype, this.supertype)
+  const new _internal(bool isSuccess, this.subtype, this.supertype)
     : _isSuccess = isSuccess;
 
   /// Subtype check succeeds.
-  const IsSubtypeOf.success() : this._internal(true, null, null);
+  const new success() : this._internal(true, null, null);
 
   /// Subtype check fails.
-  const IsSubtypeOf.failure() : this._internal(false, null, null);
+  const new failure() : this._internal(false, null, null);
 
   /// Checks if two types are in relation based solely on their nullabilities.
   ///
@@ -615,10 +614,7 @@ class IsSubtypeOf {
   /// is the result of a subtype check on the arguments `int` and `num`, and
   /// `Rn` is the result of [IsSubtypeOf.basedSolelyOnNullabilities] on the
   /// types `List<int>?` and `List<num>*`.
-  factory IsSubtypeOf.basedSolelyOnNullabilities(
-    DartType subtype,
-    DartType supertype,
-  ) {
+  factory basedSolelyOnNullabilities(DartType subtype, DartType supertype) {
     if (subtype is InvalidType) {
       if (supertype is InvalidType) {
         return const IsSubtypeOf.success();
@@ -634,7 +630,7 @@ class IsSubtypeOf {
 
   /// Checks if two types are in relation based solely on their nullabilities
   /// and where the caller knows that neither type is a `InvalidType`.
-  factory IsSubtypeOf.basedSolelyOnNullabilitiesNotInvalidType(
+  factory basedSolelyOnNullabilitiesNotInvalidType(
     DartType subtype,
     DartType supertype,
   ) {
@@ -803,7 +799,7 @@ abstract class StaticTypeContext {
 
   /// Creates a static type context for computing static types in the body
   /// of [member].
-  factory StaticTypeContext(
+  factory(
     Member member,
     TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, {
     StaticTypeCache cache,
@@ -811,7 +807,7 @@ abstract class StaticTypeContext {
 
   /// Creates a static type context for computing static types of annotations
   /// in [library].
-  factory StaticTypeContext.forAnnotations(
+  factory forAnnotations(
     Library library,
     TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, {
     StaticTypeCache cache,
@@ -855,23 +851,20 @@ class StaticTypeContextImpl implements StaticTypeContext {
 
   /// Creates a static type context for computing static types in the body
   /// of [member].
-  StaticTypeContextImpl(
-    Member member,
-    TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, {
-    StaticTypeCache? cache,
-  }) : this.direct(
-         member.enclosingLibrary,
-         typeEnvironment,
-         thisType: member.enclosingClass?.getThisType(
-           typeEnvironment.coreTypes,
-           member.enclosingLibrary.nonNullable,
-         ),
-         cache: cache,
-       );
+  new(Member member, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, {StaticTypeCache? cache})
+    : this.direct(
+        member.enclosingLibrary,
+        typeEnvironment,
+        thisType: member.enclosingClass?.getThisType(
+          typeEnvironment.coreTypes,
+          member.enclosingLibrary.nonNullable,
+        ),
+        cache: cache,
+      );
 
   /// Creates a static type context for computing static types in the body of
   /// a member, provided the enclosing [_library] and [thisType].
-  StaticTypeContextImpl.direct(
+  new direct(
     this._library,
     this.typeEnvironment, {
     this.thisType,
@@ -880,7 +873,7 @@ class StaticTypeContextImpl implements StaticTypeContext {
 
   /// Creates a static type context for computing static types of annotations
   /// in [library].
-  StaticTypeContextImpl.forAnnotations(
+  new forAnnotations(
     Library library,
     TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, {
     StaticTypeCache? cache,
@@ -937,15 +930,15 @@ abstract class StatefulStaticTypeContext implements StaticTypeContext {
 
   /// Creates a [StatefulStaticTypeContext] that supports entering multiple
   /// libraries and/or members successively.
-  factory StatefulStaticTypeContext.stacked(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) =
+  factory stacked(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) =
       _StackedStatefulStaticTypeContext;
 
   /// Creates a [StatefulStaticTypeContext] that only supports entering one
   /// library and/or member at a time.
-  factory StatefulStaticTypeContext.flat(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) =
+  factory flat(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) =
       _FlatStatefulStaticTypeContext;
 
-  StatefulStaticTypeContext._internal(this.typeEnvironment);
+  new _internal(this.typeEnvironment);
 
   /// Updates the [nonNullable] and [thisType] to match static type context for
   /// the member [node].
@@ -980,8 +973,7 @@ class _FlatStatefulStaticTypeContext extends StatefulStaticTypeContext {
   Library? _currentLibrary;
   Member? _currentMember;
 
-  _FlatStatefulStaticTypeContext(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment)
-    : super._internal(typeEnvironment);
+  new(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) : super._internal(typeEnvironment);
 
   @override
   Library get enclosingLibrary => _library;
@@ -1088,8 +1080,7 @@ class _StackedStatefulStaticTypeContext extends StatefulStaticTypeContext {
   final List<_StaticTypeContextState> _contextStack =
       <_StaticTypeContextState>[];
 
-  _StackedStatefulStaticTypeContext(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment)
-    : super._internal(typeEnvironment);
+  new(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) : super._internal(typeEnvironment);
 
   @override
   Library get enclosingLibrary => _library;
@@ -1192,7 +1183,7 @@ class _StaticTypeContextState {
   final Library _library;
   final InterfaceType? _thisType;
 
-  _StaticTypeContextState(this._node, this._library, this._thisType);
+  new(this._node, this._library, this._thisType);
 }
 
 /// Describes whether only performing a shape check is sufficient for a
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/util/graph.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/util/graph.dart
index d38bcd1a37d..6f7e6889720 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/util/graph.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/util/graph.dart
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class LibraryGraph implements Graph<Library> {
   final Iterable<Library> libraries;
   final Library? coreLibrary;
 
-  LibraryGraph(this.libraries, {this.coreLibrary});
+  new(this.libraries, {this.coreLibrary});
 
   @override
   Iterable<Library> get vertices => libraries;
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class StrongComponentGraph<T> implements Graph<List<T>> {
   final Map<T, List<T>> _elementToComponentMap = {};
   final Map<List<T>, Set<List<T>>> _neighborsMap = {};
 
-  StrongComponentGraph(this.subgraph, this.components) {
+  new(this.subgraph, this.components) {
     for (List<T> component in components) {
       for (T element in component) {
         _elementToComponentMap[element] = component;
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/verifier.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/verifier.dart
index c97ba75d2a9..eb31800944c 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/verifier.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/verifier.dart
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ enum VerificationStage {
 
 /// Interface that defines how the AST is verified.
 class Verification {
-  const Verification();
+  const new();
 
   /// Returns `true` if [node] is allowed to have no file offset.
   bool allowNoFileOffset(VerificationStage stage, TreeNode node) {
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ void verifyComponent(
 }
 
 class VerificationErrorListener {
-  const VerificationErrorListener();
+  const new();
 
   void reportError(
     String details, {
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class VerificationError {
 
   final String details;
 
-  VerificationError(this.context, this.node, this.details);
+  new(this.context, this.node, this.details);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class VerifyingVisitor extends RecursiveResultVisitor<void> {
     );
   }
 
-  VerifyingVisitor(
+  new(
     this.target,
     this.stage, {
     required this.skipPlatform,
@@ -2277,7 +2277,7 @@ class VerifyGetStaticType extends RecursiveVisitor {
   Member? currentMember;
   final StatefulStaticTypeContext _staticTypeContext;
 
-  VerifyGetStaticType(this.env)
+  new(this.env)
     : _staticTypeContext = new StatefulStaticTypeContext.stacked(env);
 
   @override
@@ -2359,7 +2359,7 @@ class AllowedTypes implements DartTypeVisitor<bool> {
 
   final bool inConstant;
 
-  const AllowedTypes({required this.inConstant});
+  const new({required this.inConstant});
 
   @override
   bool visitAuxiliaryType(AuxiliaryType node) => false;
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/lib/visitor.dart b/pkg/kernel/lib/visitor.dart
index 5262b73dda7..0e9e1550acd 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/lib/visitor.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/lib/visitor.dart
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import 'dart:collection';
 import 'ast.dart';
 
 abstract class ExpressionVisitor<R> {
-  const ExpressionVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   R visitAuxiliaryExpression(AuxiliaryExpression node);
   R visitInvalidExpression(InvalidExpression node);
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ mixin PatternVisitorDefaultMixin<R> implements PatternVisitor<R> {
 }
 
 abstract class StatementVisitor<R> {
-  const StatementVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   R visitAuxiliaryStatement(AuxiliaryStatement node);
 
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ mixin StatementVisitorDefaultMixin<R> implements StatementVisitor<R> {
 }
 
 abstract class VariableVisitor<R> {
-  const VariableVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   R visitLegacyVariable(LegacyVariable node);
   R visitPositionalParameter(PositionalParameter node);
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ mixin VariableVisitorDefaultMixin<R> implements VariableVisitor<R> {
 }
 
 abstract class MemberVisitor<R> {
-  const MemberVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   R visitConstructor(Constructor node);
   R visitProcedure(Procedure node);
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ mixin MemberVisitorDefaultMixin<R> implements MemberVisitor<R> {
 }
 
 abstract class MemberVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const MemberVisitor1();
+  const new();
 
   R visitConstructor(Constructor node, A arg);
   R visitProcedure(Procedure node, A arg);
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ mixin MemberVisitor1DefaultMixin<R, A> implements MemberVisitor1<R, A> {
 }
 
 abstract class InitializerVisitor<R> {
-  const InitializerVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   R visitAuxiliaryInitializer(AuxiliaryInitializer node);
   R visitInvalidInitializer(InvalidInitializer node);
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ mixin InitializerVisitorDefaultMixin<R> implements InitializerVisitor<R> {
 }
 
 abstract class InitializerVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const InitializerVisitor1();
+  const new();
 
   R visitAuxiliaryInitializer(AuxiliaryInitializer node, A arg);
   R visitInvalidInitializer(InvalidInitializer node, A arg);
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ abstract class TreeVisitor<R>
         VariableVisitor<R>,
         MemberVisitor<R>,
         InitializerVisitor<R> {
-  const TreeVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   // Classes
   R visitClass(Class node);
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ abstract class TreeVisitorDefault<R>
         MemberVisitorDefaultMixin<R>,
         TreeVisitorDefaultMixin<R>
     implements TreeVisitor<R> {
-  const TreeVisitorDefault();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R defaultExpression(Expression node) => defaultTreeNode(node);
@@ -710,7 +710,7 @@ abstract class TreeVisitor1<R, A>
         VariableVisitor1<R, A>,
         MemberVisitor1<R, A>,
         InitializerVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const TreeVisitor1();
+  const new();
 
   // Classes
   R visitClass(Class node, A arg);
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@ abstract class TreeVisitor1Default<R, A>
         InitializerVisitor1DefaultMixin<R, A>,
         MemberVisitor1DefaultMixin<R, A>
     implements TreeVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const TreeVisitor1Default();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R defaultExpression(Expression node, A arg) => defaultTreeNode(node, arg);
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@ typedef DartTypeVisitorAuxiliaryFunction<R> =
     R Function(AuxiliaryType node, R Function(AuxiliaryType node) recursor);
 
 abstract class DartTypeVisitor<R> {
-  const DartTypeVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   R visitAuxiliaryType(AuxiliaryType node);
   R visitInvalidType(InvalidType node);
@@ -913,7 +913,7 @@ typedef DartTypeVisitor1AuxiliaryFunction<R, A> =
     );
 
 abstract class DartTypeVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const DartTypeVisitor1();
+  const new();
 
   R visitAuxiliaryType(AuxiliaryType node, A arg);
   R visitInvalidType(InvalidType node, A arg);
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ mixin DartTypeVisitor1DefaultMixin<R, A> implements DartTypeVisitor1<R, A> {
 /// Use [ComputeOnceConstantVisitor] or [VisitOnceConstantVisitor] to visit
 /// a constant node while ensuring each subnode is only visited once.
 abstract class ConstantVisitor<R> {
-  const ConstantVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   R visitAuxiliaryConstant(AuxiliaryConstant node);
   R visitNullConstant(NullConstant node);
@@ -1066,7 +1066,7 @@ mixin ConstantVisitorDefaultMixin<R> implements ConstantVisitor<R> {
 }
 
 abstract class ConstantVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const ConstantVisitor1();
+  const new();
 
   R visitAuxiliaryConstant(AuxiliaryConstant node, A arg);
   R visitNullConstant(NullConstant node, A arg);
@@ -1366,7 +1366,7 @@ abstract class _ConstantCallback<R> {
 class _ConstantCallbackVisitor<R> implements ConstantVisitor<R> {
   final _ConstantCallback _callback;
 
-  _ConstantCallbackVisitor(this._callback);
+  new(this._callback);
 
   @override
   R visitUnevaluatedConstant(UnevaluatedConstant node) =>
@@ -1499,7 +1499,7 @@ abstract class ComputeOnceConstantVisitor<R> implements _ConstantCallback<R> {
   late final _ConstantCallbackVisitor<R> _visitor;
   Map<Constant, R> cache = new LinkedHashMap.identity();
 
-  ComputeOnceConstantVisitor() {
+  new() {
     _visitor = new _ConstantCallbackVisitor<R>(this);
   }
 
@@ -1530,7 +1530,7 @@ abstract class VisitOnceConstantVisitor implements _ConstantCallback<void> {
   late final _ConstantCallbackVisitor<void> _visitor;
   Set<Constant> cache = new LinkedHashSet.identity();
 
-  VisitOnceConstantVisitor() {
+  new() {
     _visitor = new _ConstantCallbackVisitor<void>(this);
   }
 
@@ -1546,7 +1546,7 @@ abstract class VisitOnceConstantVisitor implements _ConstantCallback<void> {
 }
 
 abstract class MemberReferenceVisitor<R> {
-  const MemberReferenceVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   R visitFieldReference(Field node);
   R visitConstructorReference(Constructor node);
@@ -1568,7 +1568,7 @@ mixin MemberReferenceVisitorDefaultMixin<R>
 }
 
 abstract class MemberReferenceVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const MemberReferenceVisitor1();
+  const new();
 
   R visitFieldReference(Field node, A arg);
   R visitConstructorReference(Constructor node, A arg);
@@ -1598,7 +1598,7 @@ abstract class Visitor<R>
         ConstantVisitor<R>,
         MemberReferenceVisitor<R>,
         ConstantReferenceVisitor<R> {
-  const Visitor();
+  const new();
 
   // TODO(johnniwinther): Move these to [MemberReferenceVisitor].
   R visitClassReference(Class node);
@@ -1636,7 +1636,7 @@ abstract class VisitorDefault<R> extends TreeVisitorDefault<R>
         ConstantVisitorDefaultMixin<R>,
         MemberReferenceVisitorDefaultMixin<R>,
         ConstantReferenceVisitorDefaultMixin<R> {
-  const VisitorDefault();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R defaultTreeNode(TreeNode node) => defaultNode(node);
@@ -1654,7 +1654,7 @@ abstract class Visitor1<R, A> extends TreeVisitor1<R, A>
         ConstantVisitor1<R, A>,
         MemberReferenceVisitor1<R, A>,
         ConstantReferenceVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const Visitor1();
+  const new();
 
   // TODO(johnniwinther): Move these to [MemberReferenceVisitor1].
   R visitClassReference(Class node, A arg);
@@ -1699,7 +1699,7 @@ abstract class Visitor1Default<R, A> extends TreeVisitor1Default<R, A>
         ConstantVisitor1DefaultMixin<R, A>,
         MemberReferenceVisitor1DefaultMixin<R, A>,
         ConstantReferenceVisitor1DefaultMixin<R, A> {
-  const Visitor1Default();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R defaultTreeNode(TreeNode node, A arg) => defaultNode(node, arg);
@@ -1849,7 +1849,7 @@ mixin VisitorDefaultValueMixin<R> implements VisitorDefault<R> {
 
 /// Recursive visitor that doesn't return anything from its visit methods.
 class RecursiveVisitor extends VisitorDefault<void> with VisitorVoidMixin {
-  const RecursiveVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   void defaultNode(Node node) {
@@ -1861,7 +1861,7 @@ class RecursiveVisitor extends VisitorDefault<void> with VisitorVoidMixin {
 /// visit methods.
 class RecursiveResultVisitor<R> extends VisitorDefault<R?>
     with VisitorNullMixin<R> {
-  const RecursiveResultVisitor();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   R? defaultNode(Node node) {
@@ -1896,7 +1896,7 @@ class RecursiveResultVisitor<R> extends VisitorDefault<R?>
 ///     }
 ///
 class Transformer extends TreeVisitorDefault<TreeNode> {
-  const Transformer();
+  const new();
 
   T transform<T extends TreeNode>(T node) {
     return node.accept<TreeNode>(this) as T;
@@ -2003,7 +2003,7 @@ class Transformer extends TreeVisitorDefault<TreeNode> {
 ///     }
 ///
 class RemovingTransformer extends TreeVisitor1Default<TreeNode, TreeNode?> {
-  const RemovingTransformer();
+  const new();
 
   /// Visits [node], returning the transformation result.
   ///
@@ -2328,7 +2328,7 @@ class RemovingTransformer extends TreeVisitor1Default<TreeNode, TreeNode?> {
 }
 
 abstract class ExpressionVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const ExpressionVisitor1();
+  const new();
 
   R visitAuxiliaryExpression(AuxiliaryExpression node, A arg);
   R visitInvalidExpression(InvalidExpression node, A arg);
@@ -2677,7 +2677,7 @@ mixin PatternVisitor1DefaultMixin<R, A> implements PatternVisitor1<R, A> {
 }
 
 abstract class StatementVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const StatementVisitor1();
+  const new();
 
   R visitAuxiliaryStatement(AuxiliaryStatement node, A arg);
   R visitExpressionStatement(ExpressionStatement node, A arg);
@@ -2778,7 +2778,7 @@ mixin StatementVisitor1DefaultMixin<R, A> implements StatementVisitor1<R, A> {
 }
 
 abstract class VariableVisitor1<R, A> {
-  const VariableVisitor1();
+  const new();
 
   R visitLegacyVariable(LegacyVariable node, A arg);
   R visitPositionalParameter(PositionalParameter node, A arg);
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/pubspec.yaml b/pkg/kernel/pubspec.yaml
index 605c7017ca1..c1690b0d181 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/pkg/kernel/pubspec.yaml
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ name: kernel
 publish_to: none
 
 environment:
-  sdk: '^3.12.0-0'
+  sdk: '^3.13.0-0'
 
 resolution: workspace
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/binary_bench.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/binary_bench.dart
index 2ac19861284..af5dd2bcd72 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/binary_bench.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/binary_bench.dart
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ class BenchmarkResult {
   final double warmupUs;
   final List<int> runsUs;
 
-  BenchmarkResult(this.name, this.coldRunUs, this.warmupUs, this.runsUs);
+  new(this.name, this.coldRunUs, this.warmupUs, this.runsUs);
 
   static T add<T extends num>(T x, T y) => x + y as T;
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/check_equivalence_test.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/check_equivalence_test.dart
index b19120eb7bc..29710604742 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/check_equivalence_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/check_equivalence_test.dart
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ class Test {
   final bool? unorderedConstructors;
   final bool? unorderedAnnotations;
 
-  Test(
+  new(
     Node Function(bool) create, {
     this.inequivalence,
     this.unorderedLibraries,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/class_hierarchy_basic.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/class_hierarchy_basic.dart
index d0a78672b8c..1b7d6d69761 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/class_hierarchy_basic.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/class_hierarchy_basic.dart
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ class BasicClassHierarchy implements ClassHierarchy {
   final List<Class> classes = <Class>[];
   final Map<Class, int> classIndex = <Class, int>{};
 
-  BasicClassHierarchy(Component component)
-    : knownLibraries = component.libraries.toSet() {
+  new(Component component) : knownLibraries = component.libraries.toSet() {
     for (var library in knownLibraries) {
       for (var classNode in library.classes) {
         buildSuperTypeSets(classNode);
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/class_hierarchy_test.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/class_hierarchy_test.dart
index 469aec65d84..5fc2ec932fb 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/class_hierarchy_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/class_hierarchy_test.dart
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class ClosedWorldClassHierarchyTest {
 
   ClassHierarchy? _hierarchy;
 
-  ClosedWorldClassHierarchyTest() {
+  new() {
     coreTypes = new CoreTypes(component);
     Uri uri = Uri.parse('org-dartlang:///test.dart');
     library = new Library(uri, fileUri: uri, name: 'test');
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/clone_test.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/clone_test.dart
index 803e66b200b..b53f49222e0 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/clone_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/clone_test.dart
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ void testMemberCloning() {
 }
 
 class NoFileOffsetEquivalenceStrategy extends EquivalenceStrategy {
-  const NoFileOffsetEquivalenceStrategy();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   bool checkTreeNode_fileOffset(
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ class NoFileOffsetEquivalenceStrategy extends EquivalenceStrategy {
 }
 
 class MemberEquivalenceStrategy extends EquivalenceStrategy {
-  const MemberEquivalenceStrategy();
+  const new();
 
   void assumeClonedReferences(
     EquivalenceVisitor visitor,
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/equivalence_test.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/equivalence_test.dart
index 913262df868..3ac813941b1 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/equivalence_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/equivalence_test.dart
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ class Test {
   final String? inequivalence;
   final EquivalenceStrategy strategy;
 
-  Test(
+  new(
     this.a,
     this.b, {
     this.inequivalence,
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ class Test {
 }
 
 class IgnoreIntLiteralValue extends EquivalenceStrategy {
-  const IgnoreIntLiteralValue();
+  const new();
 
   @override
   bool checkIntLiteral_value(
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/flatten_test.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/flatten_test.dart
index bf3b0ee3164..483f1252ef6 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/flatten_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/flatten_test.dart
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class Test {
   final String output;
   final String? typeParameters;
 
-  const Test(this.input, this.output, [this.typeParameters]);
+  const new(this.input, this.output, [this.typeParameters]);
 }
 
 void main() {
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/graph_test.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/graph_test.dart
index 67029b938a8..f5229996d32 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/graph_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/graph_test.dart
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const String F = 'F';
 class TestGraph implements Graph<String> {
   final Map<String, List<String>> graph;
 
-  TestGraph(this.graph);
+  new(this.graph);
 
   @override
   Iterable<String> get vertices => graph.keys;
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/reference_name_test.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/reference_name_test.dart
index 4a85c2f5d8a..8bf5adb747b 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/reference_name_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/reference_name_test.dart
@@ -438,5 +438,5 @@ class ReferenceNameObject {
   final ReferenceName referenceName;
   final Object object;
 
-  ReferenceNameObject(this.referenceName, this.object);
+  new(this.referenceName, this.object);
 }
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/type_hashcode_test.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/type_hashcode_test.dart
index bd534f3b104..b3c2af6a0c7 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/type_hashcode_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/type_hashcode_test.dart
@@ -78,14 +78,11 @@ class TestCase {
   Map<String, String?>?
   expectedSubstitution; // Null if unification should fail.
 
-  TestCase.success(
-    this.type1,
-    this.type2,
-    Map<String, String?> expectedSubstitution,
-  ) : this.expectedSubstitution = expectedSubstitution,
+  new success(this.type1, this.type2, Map<String, String?> expectedSubstitution)
+    : this.expectedSubstitution = expectedSubstitution,
       this.quantifiedVariables = expectedSubstitution.keys;
 
-  TestCase.fail(this.type1, this.type2, this.quantifiedVariables);
+  new fail(this.type1, this.type2, this.quantifiedVariables);
 
   bool get shouldSucceed => expectedSubstitution != null;
 
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/type_parser.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/type_parser.dart
index 72305f0be20..54d62cf5ffe 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/type_parser.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/type_parser.dart
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class DartTypeParser {
   final Map<String, /* TypeParameter | StructuralParameter */ Object>
   localTypeParameters = <String, Object>{};
 
-  DartTypeParser(this.string, this.environment);
+  new(this.string, this.environment);
 
   /* TreeNode? | StructuralParameter? */
   Object? lookupType(String name) {
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ class LazyTypeEnvironment {
   late final Library dummyLibrary;
   final Component component = new Component();
 
-  LazyTypeEnvironment() {
+  new() {
     Uri uri = Uri.parse('file://dummy.dart');
     dummyLibrary = new Library(uri, fileUri: uri);
     component.libraries.add(dummyLibrary..parent = component);
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/type_substitute_bounds_test.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/type_substitute_bounds_test.dart
index 37312439d01..ff356b71f79 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/type_substitute_bounds_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/type_substitute_bounds_test.dart
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class TestCase {
   final Map<String, TypeBound> bounds;
   final String expected;
 
-  TestCase(this.type, this.bounds, this.expected);
+  new(this.type, this.bounds, this.expected);
 
   @override
   String toString() {
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class TestCase {
 class TypeBound {
   final String lower, upper;
 
-  TypeBound(this.lower, this.upper);
+  new(this.lower, this.upper);
 }
 
 TypeBound bound(String lower, String upper) => new TypeBound(lower, upper);
diff --git a/pkg/kernel/test/verify_test.dart b/pkg/kernel/test/verify_test.dart
index 546efed3d49..3494ace6dfb 100644
--- a/pkg/kernel/test/verify_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/kernel/test/verify_test.dart
@@ -940,7 +940,7 @@ class TestHarness {
     return new TypeParameter(name, objectRawType, const DynamicType());
   }
 
-  TestHarness() {
+  new() {
     setupComponent();
   }